… Sweden has a ‘gender equality bonus’ or a ‘father’s quota’ that allocates an additional 90 days of the leave to … (Wall & Leitão, 2018). The introduction of the father’s quota in Sweden also led to increased uptake, and 44 % of men …
… following the election date. [2] Considering the 50-50 quota applied to two thirds of candidates in the proportional … in constituencies with majoritarian systems, and the quota is 40-60. [3] Data collection in May-June 2018 …
… representation has improved since the application of a quota [1] . However, only Portugal and Spain saw quota targets translating into an equivalent (or almost) … of parliament. In all other cases, disparities between the quota target and women in parliament remain substantial: …
… in lists, zipping). Read more about electoral systems and quota effectiveness The design of the quota system according to certain rules that match the … as might be expected. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of quota provisions depends on the existence of institutional …