Standards and expectations to which women and men generally conform, within a range that defines a particular society, culture and community at that point in time.
… despite their harmful consequences (Nutbeam, 1998). The Gender Equality Index monitors both types of health … covers activities such as heavy drinking and smoking [1] . Gender is an important social determinant of health, shaping … Men are more likely to smoke and drink Sociocultural norms and gendered attitudes shape willingness to engage in …
… to NCDs is shaped by biological factors, as well as gender roles and norms (WHO, 2019g). In particular, gender-specific mental health disorders also have different …
… With data from 2019, the Gender Equality Index 2021 primarily reflects the … since 2010, and has seen no change since 2018. The largest gender inequalities are found in the health behaviour … is 74.8 points. As discussed in Section 9.1.2, gendernorms and relations affect health behaviours. Men are more …
… disadvantageous for women. As Figure 6 shows, the largest gender gap – 27 p.p. – in FTE employment in 2019 was among … working full time. The second highest FTE employment gender gap, of 21 p.p., is among foreign-born women and men. … it could signal a strengthening of gender stereotypes and norms, and because there is mounting evidence that …
… Gender inequalities in health Gender differences in health status Overall, women tend to … been achieved in the EU. Gender inequalities and gendernorms intersect with socioeconomic, geographic and cultural …
… J., and Tertilt, M. (2020). The Impact of COVID-19 on Gender Equality (w26947). Retrieved from Cambridge, MA: … Systematic Review of the Discrimination Against Sexual and Gender Minority in Health Care Settings. International … Self-reported health and gender: The role of social norms. Social Science & Medicine, 153, 220-229. …
… Gender inequalities in health The conditions in which women … men live, work and spend their time affect their health. Gender and other factors, such as age, education, ethnicity, … reflect the effect of gender inequality and gendered norms on health by leading to differences in exposures and …
… Although health was designated the thematic focus of the Gender Equality Index 2021 prior to the pandemic, COVID-19 … outcomes. This focus aims to bring together evidence on gender inequalities as a determinant of health and to explore … and prostate cancers. Gender inequality and gendered norms have an impact on health because exposure and …
… How individuals spend their time is a fundamental aspect of gender equality. The amount of time spent in paid work, rest … of parental leave entitlements – link to lower levels of gender inequality in health (Palència et al., 2017). As … well. However, resistance to change in gendered social norms, especially men’s involvement in care duties, remains …
… in the work, money and power domains, and is essential for gender equality. Educational attainment continues to steadily … both young women and men, with women now outpacing men. Gender segregation remains the key challenge in this domain. … increased care responsibilities at home. Tackling gendernorms and inequality in this domain could have major benefits …
… Gender inequalities in the domain of work remain entrenched … higher levels of underemployment for women, as well as in gender segregation in the job market and related pay challenges (see Chapter 3). Gendernorms and stereotypes are key pillars of gender inequalities …
… competent, but subsequently face a backlash for violating gendernorms [4] . Resistance to women in positions of power can be … violence faced by women politicians, with those working on gender equality issues often singled out for attack. One …
… engineering and mathematics [1] . Such horizontal gender segregation is partly responsible for the gender pay gap , as fields dominated by men tend to be more … Once employed, stereotypes continue to impact workplace norms and practices, as well as employee behaviour. This can …
… by such care. This positive effect is highly relevant to gender equality, as women are the majority of caregivers, … 2016). Forthcoming EIGE research highlights that the gender care gap is the ‘missing link’ in analysis of the … economic value assigned to care is a result of cultural norms (care is stereotypically considered women’s natural …
… recent policy actions at EU and Member State levels, the gender pay gap persists. In 2018, on average, women’s gross … and sectoral segregation, part-time or temporary work, gender stereotypes and norms, difficulties in reconciling work and private life, …
… in many ways, for example if the relationship between gender and technology is viewed as mutually constitutive: … change is shaped and structured according to societal norms and relations, which are in turn influenced by … contexts, their design and meaning are created within gender relations and thus reflect pre-existing gender …
… the lower score in the time domain, pointing to persistent gender inequalities. This is important from both a gender equality and a well-being perspective (Brajša-Žganec … assigned to women), women’s lower income and gendernorms surrounding motherhood all contribute to women with …
… participation levels are very low in most of the EU, gender differences are essentially non-existent in 16 Member … adult learning – Sweden, Denmark and Finland – where the gender gaps in favour of women are 12 p.p., 7 p.p. and … level education (European Commission, 2019g). Social norms and gendered expectations regarding career choices …