Greece

Gender equality in the domain of work has improved slightly.

The employment rate (20-64) in 2015 was 46 % for women versus 64 % for men. The total employment rate is 55 %. Greece has not reached its national target within the Europe 2020 strategy (EU2020) (70 %).

The gender gap in the employment rate is similar when the number of hours worked is taken into account. The full-time equivalent (FTE) employment rate is around 30 % for women compared to 46 % for men.

Among women and men in a couple with children, the FTE employment rate for women is 50 % compared to 79 % for men, indicating a gender gap of 29 percentage points (p.p.). This gender gap is bigger than that of couples without children, a group for which there is a gender gap of 6 p.p. The FTE employment rate increases as education levels rise. Moreover, among people with low and medium levels of education, the gender gap is much higher, to the detriment of women, than among highly educated people.

13 % of women work part-time compared to 7 % of men. On average, women work 39 hours per week, compared to 44 hours for men. 3 % of working-age women versus virtually no working-age men are either inactive or work part-time due to care responsibilities.

Gender segregation in the labour market is a reality for both women and men. 22 % of women work in education, human health and social work activities (EHW), compared to 8 % of men.

The situation in the domain of money has worsened slightly. Gender equality has stalled regarding earnings and income and it has regressed concerning distribution of wealth and poverty.

Mean monthly earnings of women and men have increased and the gender gap was slightly narrower in 2010 than in 2005 (no updated data from subsequent years is available). In 2010, women earned around 18 % less than men per month.

The population at risk of poverty has slightly decreased among women and increased among men. Women and men are at a similar risk of poverty (20 % and 21 %, respectively); this gender gap has levelled, therefore. 25 % of lone mothers (compared to 18 % of lone fathers) are at risk of poverty. Foreign-born women and men (47 % and 45 %, respectively) are at higher risk of poverty than women and men born in Greece; additionally, women and men aged 15/16-24 are at higher risk of poverty (31 % and 33 %, respectively) than adults and elderly people.

Inequalities in income distribution have remained unchanged among women, whereas they have increased among men. In 2012, women had lower pensions than men and the gender gap was 25 %. The EU-28 average is 38 %.

Greece’s score in the domain of knowledge has increased since 2005. Gender equality has improved regarding segregation as well as attainment and participation.

The number of tertiary graduates increased, mostly among women. 21 % of women and 22 % of men have a tertiary degree. The gap, which in 2005 was also to the detriment of women, has decreased. Only up to the age of 49 are there more women than men who have completed tertiary education.

Only 8 % of women with disabilities have attained tertiary education, compared to 27 % of women without disabilities. For men the shares are, respectively, 13 % and 26 %.

Greece has already met its national EU2020 target to have 32 % of people aged 30-34 obtain tertiary education. The current rate is 40 %.

Women’s and men’s participation in lifelong learning has slightly increased; the gender gap here has lessened and is now only marginal.

Gender segregation in knowledge remains a problematic area. In 2015, 37 % of women students were concentrated in the fields of education, health and welfare, humanities and arts, compared to 17 % of men.

In the domain of time, the score has slightly decreased. The situation has stalled in care activities, whereas it has regressed in social activities.

Women take on more responsibilities than men for caring for their family. 38 % of women care for and educate their family members for at least 1 hour per day, compared to 20 % of men. The gender gap has decreased. Among women and men in a couple with children, women are much more involved in daily care activities (85 %), than men (46 %).

85 % of women do cooking and housework every day for at least 1 hour, compared to only 16 % of men. The gender gap is wider than in 2005 among women and men with children and among those without children.

Inequality in time-sharing at home extends partially to social activities. Men are more likely than women to participate in sporting, cultural, and leisure activities outside the home (18 % versus 11 %). Conversely, participation in voluntary or charitable activities is marginally higher for women than for men (7 % and 6 %, respectively).

Greece has not met either of the ‘Barcelona targets’, which are to have at least 33 % of children below the age of three and 90 % of children between the age of three and school age in childcare. In Greece, the enrolment rates are 11 % and 67 %, respectively.

Greece’s score in the domain of power has slightly increased, although its rank in the EU-28 has decreased . The representation of women in decision-making positions has improved in the areas of political and economic power, while it remains unchanged concerning social power.

The sub-domain of political power has significantly improved. The percentage of women ministers increased from 6 % in 2005 to 14 % in 2015. Gender equality has also improved in the parliament, with women reaching 21 % of seats in 2015, compared to 11 % in 2005.

The percentage of women on the corporate boards of publicly listed companies has marginally increased, from 7 % in 2005 to 9 % in 2015. At the same time, the share of women has remained the same in the decision-making positions in the central bank, where they represent only the 3 % of seats.

11 % of members of the boards of research funding organisations are women, and women make up about 18 % of board members of publicly owned broadcasting organisations. In sport, women comprise just 8 % of members of the highest decision-making bodies of national Olympic sport organisations.

The score in the domain of health has decreased slightly, mostly due to the sub-domain of access.

Life expectancy has decreased for women and men. Women live on average 5 years longer than men. When it comes to healthy life years, however, the gender gap disappears, with women and men both having 65 healthy life years.

72 % of women and 77 % of men assess their health as ‘good’ or ‘very good’. Such levels of satisfaction have decreased overall. Those with higher levels of education express more satisfaction with health than other groups. Among the highly educated, women are more satisfied than men.

The decrease in the sub-domain of access is a reflection of the increase in the levels of unmet medical and dental needs among women and men, and of the widening of the gender gap here.

46 % of men smoke or drink excessively, compared to 30 % of women. At the same time, more men than women engage in healthy behaviour (physical activities and/or consuming fruit and vegetables).

Violence against women is included in the Gender Equality Index as a satellite domain. This means that the scores of the domain of violence do not have an impact on the final score of the Gender Equality Index. From a statistical perspective, the domain of violence does not measure gaps between women and men as core domains do. Rather, it measures and analyses women’s experiences of violence. Unlike other domains, the overall objective is not to reduce the gaps of violence between women and men, but to eradicate violence completely.

A high score in the Gender Equality Index means a country is close to achieving a gender-equal society. However, in the domain of violence, the higher the score, the more serious the phenomenon of violence against women in the country is. On a scale of 1 to 100, 1 represents a situation where violence is non-existent and 100 represents a situation where violence against women is extremely common, highly severe and not disclosed. The best-performing country is therefore the one with the lowest score.

Greece’s score for the domain of violence is 27.4, which is in line with the EU average of 27.5.

In Greece, 25 % of women have experienced physical and/or sexual violence at least once since the age of 15. In the EU-28 the average is 33 %.

21 % of women who have experienced physical and/or sexual violence by any perpetrator in the past 12 months have not told anyone. This rate is 8 p.p. higher than the EU average of 13 %.

At the societal level, violence against women costs Greece an estimated EUR 5 billion per year through lost economic output, service utilisation and personal costs (1).

The domain of violence is made up of three sub-domains: prevalence, which measures how often violence against women occurs; severity, which measures the health consequences of violence; and disclosure, which measures the reporting of violence.

[1] This is an exercise done at EU level to estimate the costs of the three major dimensions: services, lost economic output and pain and suffering of the victims. The estimates were extrapolated to the EU from a United Kingdom case study, based on population size. EIGE, Estimating the costs of gender-based violence in the European Union, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2014, p. 142.

Greece’s score in the domain of work is 64.2, showing progress of 1.7 points since 2005 (no change since 2015). With this score, Greece remains the second last in the EU.

The employment rate (of people aged 20-64) is 49 % for women and 70 % for men. With the overall employment rate of 60 %, Greece has not reached its national EU 2020 employment target of 70 %. The full-time equivalent (FTE) employment rate decreased from 34 % to 31 % for women and from 61 % to 48 % for men between 2005 and 2017, narrowing the gender gap (from 27 percentage points (p.p.) to 17 p.p.). Between women and men in couples with children, the gap is six times bigger than in couples without children (31 p.p. and 5 p.p.).

Twice as many women (14 %) work part-time as men (7 %). On average, women work 39 hours per week and men 44 hours. The uneven concentration of women and men in different sectors of the labour market remains an issue: 23 % of women work in education, health and social work, compared to 8 % of men. Fewer women (4 %) than men (20 %) work in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) occupations. In general, Greece has very low shares of both women and men working in STEM occupations, compared to the rest of the EU Member States.

Greece’s score in the domain of money is 71.4, remaining stable since 2005 (+ 0.7 points since 2015), with little progress in the economic and financial situations of women and men.

Mean monthly earnings increased for women (+ 6 %) and decreased for men (- 5 %) from 2006 to 2014, narrowing the gender gap. Nonetheless, inequalities persist: women earn 15 % less than men per month. In couples with children, women earn 22 % less than men (23% less for women in couples without children). Among single people, women earn 7 % less.

The risk of poverty decreased for women (- 2 p.p.) and increased for men (+ 1 p.p.) between 2005 and 2017: around 20 % of both women and men are at risk. People facing the highest risk of poverty are: people born outside of Greece (40 %); lone mothers (30 % compared to 21 % of lone fathers); young people aged 15/16-24 (28 % of women and 29 % of men); and people with low levels of education (23 % of women and 25 % of men). Inequalities in income distribution have remained stable among women and increased among men between 2005 and 2017. Women earn on average 87 cents for every euro a man makes per hour, resulting in a gender pay gap of 13 %. The gender pension gap is 25 %.

Greece’s score in the domain of knowledge is 55.7, showing progress of 8.5 points since 2005 (+ 0.1 points since 2015). Although Greece ranks 21st in the EU in this domain, its progress exceeds the progress of the EU (+ 2.7 points). There are improvements in both sub-domains of attainment and participation, and segregation.

The share of both women and men tertiary graduates increased in Greece, between 2005 and 2017. While there were fewer women tertiary graduates in 2005 (14 %) than men (16 %), the share of both women and men attaining tertiary education has reached 23 %. The gender gap is widest among women and men born outside the EU (9 p.p. to the detriment of men) and among single people (9 p.p. to the detriment of women). Greece has already met its national EU 2020 target of having 32 % of people aged 30-34 with tertiary education. The current rate is 44 % (51 % for women and 38 % for men). Participation in lifelong learning slightly increased between 2005 and 2017. Around 11 % of women and 12 % of men participate in formal and non-formal education and training (compared to 9 % and 10 % in 2005). Despite the small increase, Greece has one of the lowest participation rates in the EU.

The uneven concentration of women and men in different study fields in tertiary education remains a challenge for Greece. Around 36 % of women and 17 % of men students study education, health and welfare, or humanities and arts.

Greece’s score in the domain of time has not changed since the last edition of the Index, because new data is not available. The next data update for this domain is expected in 2021. More frequent time-use data would help to track progress in this domain.

In the domain of time, Greece’s score is 44.7, which is the second lowest score in the EU for this domain. Time-share has worsened in relation to social activities since 2005 and gender inequality in the distribution of time spent on care activities remains an issue. Women take on more responsibilities than men, caring for their family. Around 38 % of women care for and educate their family members for at least one hour per day, compared to 20 % of men. Approximately 85 % of women do cooking and housework for at least one hour daily, compared to only 16 % of men. The gender gap is far wider among women and men in couples with and without children than among single women and men.

Women are less likely to participate in sporting, cultural and leisure activities outside the home (11 %, compared to 18 % of men). Nearly the same proportion of women (7 %) and men (6 %) are involved in voluntary or charitable activities.

Greece’s score in the domain of power is 24.3, which is the lowest across all domains, despite the 6.1-point increase since 2005 (+ 2.6 points since 2015). Greece ranks 27th in the EU, 27.6 points below the EU’s score in this domain. There are improvements in all sub-domains, with the strongest increase in political power.

Greece introduced a legislative quota of 33 % in 2008, supporting a small rise in the share of women in the parliament (from 16 % in 2007 to 18 % in 2018), but doubling since 2005 (9 %). The share of women ministers also increased from 5 % to 19 %, between 2005 and 2018.

Greece faces the strongest challenges for gender equality in the sub-domain of economic power. The share of women on boards of the largest publicly listed companies is 9 % and on the board of the central bank 8 % (compared to 7 % and 0 % in 2005). Women comprise 13 % of members of the boards of research-funding organisations, 20 % of board members of publicly owned broadcasting organisations and just 10 % of board members of the highest decision-making bodies of national Olympic sports organisations.

Greece’s score in the domain of health is 83.5, showing a regress of 1.1 points since 2005 (+ 0.4 points since 2015). Greece ranks 22nd in the domain of health. There is a decrease in the sub-domain of access to health services (with no new data for the sub-domain of health behaviour).

Self-perceptions of good health decreased in Greece between 2005 and 2017. Around 71 % of women and 77 % of men consider themselves to be in good health (75 % and 80 % in 2005). Health satisfaction increases with a person’s level of education. The gender gap is wider among single women and men (27 p.p.), to the detriment of women. Life expectancy increased for both women and men between 2005 and 2016. Women on average live five years longer than men (84 years compared to 79 years).

Access to adequate healthcare decreased for both women and men between 2005 and 2017. Around 12 % of women and 10 % of men report unmet needs for medical care (compared to 7 % and 6 % in 2005), while 11 % of both women and men report unmet dental needs (compared to 7 % for both). Women and men with disabilities report higher unmet needs (30 % and 28 %), compared to women and men without disabilities (20 % and 21 %).

Why is there no score for the violence domain?

There is no new data to update the score for violence, which is why no figure is given. Eurostat is currently coordinating an EU-wide survey on gender-based violence, with results expected in 2023. EIGE will launch a second round of administrative data collection on intimate partner violence, rape and femicide in 2022. Both data sources will be used to update the domain of violence in the Gender Equality Index 2024.

Unlike the other domains of the Index, the domain of violence does not measure differences between women’s and men’s situations; rather, it examines women’s experiences of violence (prevalence, severity and disclosure). The overall objective is not to reduce the gaps in violence between women and men, but to eradicate violence completely

Data gaps mask the true scale of violence

Istanbul Convention: state of play

The Istanbul Convention is the most comprehensive international human rights treaty on violence against women and domestic violence. Greece signed the Istanbul Convention in May 2011 and ratified it in June 2018. The treaty entered into force in October 2018.

A lack of evidence to assess violence against women

Violence at a glance

1. Femicide
   In 2018, over 600 women were murdered by an intimate partner, or family member or a relative in 14 EU Member States, according to official reports. In Greece, seven women were killed by their partners in 2017. No data is available for the number of women killed by a family member.
   Source: Eurostat, 2018 and 2017
2. Physical and/or sexual violence
   46 % of women who experienced physical and/or sexual violence, experienced it in their own home .
   7 % of lesbian women and 6 % of bisexual women were physically or sexually attacked in the past five years for being LGBTI.
   Source: FRA’s Fundamental Rights Survey and LGBTI Survey II, 2019
3. Harassment
   28 % of women experienced harassment in the past five years, and 18 % in the past 12 months.
   38 % of women with disabilities experienced harassment in the past five years, and 38 % in the past 12 months .
   Source: FRA’s Fundamental Rights Survey, 2019
4. Cyberviolence
   3 % of women were subjected to cyber harassment in the past five years, and 1 % in the past 12 months.
   Among women aged 16-29, 11 % experienced cyber harassment in the past five years, and 3 % in the past 12 months. 
   Source: FRA’s Fundamental Rights Survey, 2019
5. Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)
   Between 25 % and 42 % of the 1 787 girls in the migrant resident population were at risk of female genital mutilation in Greece in 2016.
   Source: EIGE, 2018
    

Istanbul Convention: state of play

The Istanbul Convention is the most comprehensive international human rights treaty on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence. Greece signed the Istanbul Convention in May 2011 and ratified it in June 2018. The treaty entered into force in October 2018. 

A lack of evidence to assess violence against women

Femicide

In 2020, 788 women were murdered by an intimate partner, a family member or a relative in 17 EU Member States, according to official reports. In Greece, 10 women were killed by a family member and/or an intimate partner. Greece does not provide data disaggregated by the relationship between the victim and the perpetrator.

Source: Eurostat, 2020

Istanbul Convention: state of play

The Istanbul Convention is the most comprehensive international human rights treaty on preventing and combatting violence against women and domestic violence. Greece signed the Istanbul Convention in May 2011 and ratified it in June 2018. The treaty entered into force in October 2018.

EIGE/FRA survey

The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) and the European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE) will carry out a survey on violence against women (VAW II) in eight EU Member States (CZ, DE, IE, CY, LU, HU, RO, SE), which will complement the Eurostat-led data collection on gender-based violence and other forms of interpersonal violence (EU-GBV) in the remaining countries. The use of a unified methodology will ensure the availability of comparable data across all EU Member States. Data collection will be completed in 2023, and the results will be used to update the domain of violence in the Gender Equality Index 2024 and its thematic focus on violence against women.

Έλλειψη στοιχείων για την αποτίμηση της βίας κατά των γυναικών

Η βία με μια ματιά

1. Γυναικοκτονίες
   Το 2018, περισσότερες από 600 γυναίκες δολοφονήθηκαν από συντρόφους, μέλη της οικογένειας ή συγγενικά πρόσωπα σε 14 κράτη μέλη της ΕΕ σύμφωνα με επίσημα στοιχεία. Στην Ελλάδα, το 2017, επτά γυναίκες δολοφονήθηκαν από συντρόφους τους. Δεν υπάρχουν διαθέσιμα στοιχεία για τις γυναίκες που δολοφονήθηκαν από συγγενικά πρόσωπα.
   Πηγή: Eurostat, 2018 και 2017
2. Σωματική ή/και σεξουαλική βία
   Ποσοστό 46% των γυναικών που βίωσαν σωματική ή/και σεξουαλική βία την υπέστησαν μέσα στο ίδιο τους το σπίτι .
   Ποσοστό 7% των λεσβιών και 6% των αμφιφυλόφιλων γυναικών έπεσε θύμα σωματικής ή σεξουαλικής επίθεσης την τελευταία πενταετία επειδή ανήκει στην κοινότητα ΛΟΑΔΜ.
   Πηγή: Έρευνα του FRA για τα θεμελιώδη δικαιώματα και Έρευνα II για τα άτομα ΛΟΑΔΜ, 2019
3. Παρενόχληση
   Ποσοστό 28% των γυναικών υπέστη παρενόχληση την τελευταία πενταετία. Τους τελευταίους 12 μήνες το αντίστοιχο ποσοστό ήταν 18%.
   Ποσοστό 38% των γυναικών με αναπηρία υπέστη παρενόχληση την τελευταία πενταετία. Τους τελευταίους 12 μήνες το αντίστοιχο ποσοστό ήταν 38% .
   Πηγή: Έρευνα του FRA για τα θεμελιώδη δικαιώματα, 2019
4. Διαδικτυακή βία
   Ποσοστό 3% των γυναικών υπέστη παρενόχληση στο διαδίκτυο την τελευταία πενταετία. Τους τελευταίους 12 μήνες το αντίστοιχο ποσοστό ήταν 1%.
   Στην ηλικιακή ομάδα 16-29 ετών, ποσοστό 11% των γυναικών υπέστη παρενόχληση στο διαδίκτυο την τελευταία πενταετία. Τους τελευταίους 12 μήνες το αντίστοιχο ποσοστό ήταν 3%.
   Πηγή: Έρευνα του FRA για τα θεμελιώδη δικαιώματα, 2019
5. Ακρωτηριασμός γυναικείων γεννητικών οργάνων (FGM)
   Ποσοστό από 25% έως 42% επί συνόλου 1.787 κοριτσιών στον πληθυσμό μεταναστών που κατοικούσαν στην Ελλάδα το 2016 διέτρεχαν κίνδυνο ακρωτηριασμού των γεννητικών οργάνων τους.
   Πηγή: EIGE, 2018

Σύμβαση της Κωνσταντινούπολης: τρέχουσα κατάσταση

Η Σύμβαση της Κωνσταντινούπολης αποτελεί την πληρέστερη διεθνή νομική πράξη στον τομέα των ανθρωπίνων δικαιωμάτων σχετικά με την πρόληψη και καταπολέμηση της βίας κατά των γυναικών και της ενδοοικογενειακής βίας. Η Ελλάδα υπέγραψε τη Σύμβαση της Κωνσταντινούπολης τον Μάιο του 2011 και την κύρωσε τον Ιούνιο του 2018. Η σύμβαση τέθηκε σε ισχύ τον Οκτώβριο του 2018.

A lack of evidence to assess violence against women

Femicide

In 2020, 788 women were murdered by an intimate partner, a family member or a relative in 17 EU Member States, according to official reports. In Greece, 10 women were killed by a family member and/or an intimate partner. Greece does not provide data disaggregated by the relationship between the victim and the perpetrator.

Source: Eurostat, 2020

Istanbul Convention: state of play

The Istanbul Convention is the most comprehensive international human rights treaty on preventing and combatting violence against women and domestic violence. Greece signed the Istanbul Convention in May 2011 and ratified it in June 2018. The treaty entered into force in October 2018.

EIGE/FRA survey

The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) and the European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE) will carry out a survey on violence against women (VAW II) in eight EU Member States (CZ, DE, IE, CY, LU, HU, RO, SE), which will complement the Eurostat-led data collection on gender-based violence and other forms of interpersonal violence (EU-GBV) in the remaining countries. The use of a unified methodology will ensure the availability of comparable data across all EU Member States. Data collection will be completed in 2023, and the results will be used to update the domain of violence in the Gender Equality Index 2024 and its thematic focus on violence against women.

Ανυπαρξία στοιχείων για την αποτίμηση της βίας κατά των γυναικών

Γυναικοκτονίες

Σύμφωνα με επίσημα στοιχεία, το 2020 δολοφονήθηκαν 788 γυναίκες από συντρόφους, μέλη της οικογένειας ή συγγενικά τους πρόσωπα σε 17 κράτη μέλη της ΕΕ. Στην Ελλάδα δολοφονήθηκαν 10 γυναίκες από μέλη της οικογένειας ή/και συντρόφους. Η Ελλάδα δεν παρέχει αναλυτικά στοιχεία βάσει της σχέσης μεταξύ του θύματος και του δράστη.

Πηγή: Eurostat, 2020

Σύμβαση της Κωνσταντινούπολης: τρέχουσα κατάσταση

Η σύμβαση της Κωνσταντινούπολης είναι η πληρέστερη διεθνής νομική πράξη στον τομέα των ανθρωπίνων δικαιωμάτων σχετικά με την πρόληψη και την καταπολέμηση της βίας κατά των γυναικών και της ενδοοικογενειακής βίας. Η Ελλάδα υπέγραψε τη σύμβαση της Κωνσταντινούπολης τον Μάιο του 2011 και την επικύρωσε τον Ιούνιο του 2018. Η σύμβαση τέθηκε σε ισχύ τον Οκτώβριο του 2018.

Έρευνα EIGE/FRA

Ο Οργανισμός Θεμελιωδών Δικαιωμάτων της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης (FRA) και το Ευρωπαϊκό Ινστιτούτο για την Ισότητα των Φύλων (EIGE) θα διεξαγάγουν έρευνα σχετικά με τη βία κατά των γυναικών (VAW II) σε οκτώ κράτη μέλη της ΕΕ (CZ, DE, IE, CY, LU, HU, RO, SE), η οποία θα συμπληρώσει τη διευθυνόμενη από τη Eurostat συλλογή δεδομένων για την έμφυλη βία και άλλες μορφές διαπροσωπικής βίας (EU-GBV) για τις υπόλοιπες χώρες. Η χρήση ενιαίας μεθοδολογίας θα διασφαλίσει τη διαθεσιμότητα συγκρίσιμων δεδομένων σε όλα τα κράτη μέλη της ΕΕ. Η συλλογή δεδομένων θα ολοκληρωθεί το 2023 και τα αποτελέσματα θα αξιοποιηθούν για την επικαιροποίηση του τομέα της βίας στον Δείκτη Ισότητας των Φύλων του 2024 και της θεματικής του εστίασης στο θέμα της βίας κατά των γυναικών.

A lack of evidence to assess violence against women

Femicide

In 2021, 720 women were murdered by an intimate partner, family member or relative in 17 EU Member States, according to official reports. In Greece, 12 women were murdered by an intimate partner, and 6 women were murdered by a family member.

Source: Eurostat, 2021

Violence at a glance

1. Intimate partner violence

   In Greece, 42 % of women who have ever been in a relationship have experienced violence by an intimate partner during their adult life. In total, 22 % have experienced physical violence (including threats) or sexual violence, while 40 % have experienced psychological violence. Around 7 % have experienced intimate partner violence during the last 12 months, while 16 % have experienced it in the last five years.
    

   Source: Eurostat, 2021
    

2. Sexual harassment at work

   In Greece, around 43 % of women who have ever worked have experienced sexual harassment at work. Up to 7 % of women have experienced sexual harassment at work in the last 12 months, while 17 % have experienced it in the last 5 years.
    

   Source: Eurostat, 2021

Istanbul Convention: state of play

The Istanbul Convention is the most comprehensive international human rights treaty on preventing and combatting violence against women and domestic violence. Greece signed the Istanbul Convention in May 2011, and ratified it in June 2018. The Convention entered into force in Greece in October 2018.

The European Council approved the EU’s accession to the Istanbul Convention on 1 June 2023.

EIGE/FRA survey on violence against women

The Fundamental Rights Agency (FRA) and the European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE) will carry out a survey on violence against women (VAW II) in eight EU Member States (CZ, DE, IE, CY, LU, HU, RO, SE), which will complement the Eurostat-led data collection on gender-based violence and other forms of interpersonal violence (EU-GBV) in the remaining countries. The use of a unified methodology will ensure the availability of comparable data across all EU Member States. Data collection will be completed this year, and the results will be used to update the domain of violence in the Gender Equality Index 2024, with its thematic focus on violence against women.

Ανυπαρξία στοιχείων για την αποτίμηση της βίας κατά των γυναικών

Γυναικοκτονίες

Σύμφωνα με επίσημα στοιχεία, το 2021 δολοφονήθηκαν 720 γυναίκες από σύντροφο, μέλος της οικογένειας ή συγγενικό τους πρόσωπο σε 17 κράτη μέλη της ΕΕ. Στην Ελλάδα, 12 γυναίκες δολοφονήθηκαν από ερωτικό σύντροφο και 6 γυναίκες δολοφονήθηκαν από μέλος της οικογένειάς τους.

Πηγή: Eurostat, 2021

Η βία με μια ματιά

1. Ενδοσυντροφική βία

   Στην Ελλάδα, το 42 % των γυναικών που βρίσκονταν σε σχέση έχουν υποστεί βία από ερωτικό σύντροφο κατά τη διάρκεια της ενήλικης ζωής τους. Συνολικά, το 22 % έχει υποστεί σωματική βία (συμπεριλαμβανομένων απειλών) ή σεξουαλική βία, ενώ το 40 % έχει υποστεί ψυχολογική βία. Περίπου το 7 % έχει υποστεί βία από ερωτικό σύντροφο κατά τη διάρκεια των τελευταίων 12 μηνών, ενώ το 16 % των γυναικών έχουν βιώσει βία κατά τα τελευταία πέντε έτη.
    

   Πηγή: Eurostat, 2021
    

2. Σεξουαλική παρενόχληση στην εργασία

   Στην Ελλάδα, περίπου το 43 % των γυναικών που έχουν εργαστεί έχουν βιώσει σεξουαλική παρενόχληση στην εργασία τους. Έως και το 7% των γυναικών έχουν υποστεί σεξουαλική παρενόχληση στην εργασία τους τελευταίους 12 μήνες, ενώ το 17% έχουν υποστεί σεξουαλική παρενόχληση τα τελευταία 5 χρόνια.
    

   Πηγή: Eurostat, 2021

Σύμβαση της Κωνσταντινούπολης: τρέχουσα κατάσταση

Η σύμβαση της Κωνσταντινούπολης είναι η πληρέστερη διεθνής νομική πράξη στον τομέα των ανθρωπίνων δικαιωμάτων σχετικά με την πρόληψη και την καταπολέμηση της βίας κατά των γυναικών και της ενδοοικογενειακής βίας. Η Ελλάδα υπέγραψε τη σύμβαση της Κωνσταντινούπολης τον Μάιο του 2011 και την επικύρωσε τον Ιούνιο του 2018. Η σύμβαση τέθηκε σε ισχύ στην Ελλάδα τον Οκτώβριο του 2018.

Το Ευρωπαϊκό Συμβούλιο ενέκρινε την προσχώρηση της ΕΕ στη σύμβαση της Κωνσταντινούπολης την 1η Ιουνίου 2023.

Η έρευνα που πραγματοποιήθηκε από το EIGE και τον FRA σχετικά με τη βία κατά των γυναικών

Ο Οργανισμός Θεμελιωδών Δικαιωμάτων της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης (FRA) και το Ευρωπαϊκό Ινστιτούτο για την Ισότητα των Φύλων (EIGE) θα διεξαγάγουν έρευνα σχετικά με τη βία κατά των γυναικών (VAW II) σε οκτώ κράτη μέλη της ΕΕ (CZ, DE, IE, CY, LU, HU, RO, SE), η οποία θα συμπληρώσει τη συλλογή δεδομένων υπό την καθοδήγηση της Eurostat για την έμφυλη βία και άλλες μορφές διαπροσωπικής βίας (EU-GBV) στις υπόλοιπες χώρες. Η χρήση ενιαίας μεθοδολογίας θα διασφαλίσει τη διαθεσιμότητα συγκρίσιμων δεδομένων σε όλα τα κράτη μέλη της ΕΕ. Η συλλογή δεδομένων θα ολοκληρωθεί εντός του έτους και τα αποτελέσματα θα χρησιμοποιηθούν προκειμένου να επικαιροποιηθεί ο τομέας της βίας στον Δείκτη Ισότητας των Φύλων του 2024 και η θεματική του εστίαση στο θέμα της βίας κατά των γυναικών.