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… With data from 2019, the Gender Equality Index 2021 primarily reflects the pre-pandemic period, and the subdomain of health behaviour has not been updated … gender norms and relations affect health behaviours. Men are more likely to smoke and drink excessively, while …

… remains the only EU country to have at least 40 % of each gender on the boards of the largest companies, with women holding 45 % of all positions. Belgium, Italy and Sweden are close behind, with around 38 % of board … women account for 33 % of board members. Elsewhere, men still heavily outnumber women. In 10 Member States, women …

… for the domain of power [1] has increased by 13.1 points, and between 2018 and 2019 it increased by 1.9 points. … score of 55 points remains the lowest of all the domains. Gender balance gains in the subdomain of economic … political power looks at the representation of women and men in national parliaments, government and regional/local …

… the score for the domain of time [1] since the 2020 Index, and a negative longer-term rating for 2010–2019. As shows, … the second broadest dispersion of country scores in the Gender Equality Index, after the domain of power. Gender … of care activities, measures gender gaps in women’s and men’s involvement in the care and/or education of their …

… The score improved by only 2.9 points overall between 2010 and 2019 (Figure 10), with the subdomain of attainment and … to 2019, there was little change between 2018 and 2019. Gender segregation in education remains a major block to … measured by two indicators: the percentages of women and men who are graduates of tertiary-level education and the …

… exclusion risks were already higher for women than for men in the EU before the pandemic (EIGE, 2020g). Women were … reduced (EIGE, 2021c; ILO, 2021). Women aged between 15 and 24 years were the group most likely to lose their job in … as well as their disproportionate burden of care duties. Gender-sensitive recovery needs to address the gender pay gap …

… rates are widely divergent across population groups, and consistently disadvantageous for women. As Figure 6 shows, the largest gender gap – 27 p.p. – in FTE employment in 2019 was among … with children, with 62 % of women, compared with 89 % of men, in this family grouping working full time. The second …

… Although gender equality gains among Member States vary widely, … the evolution of disparities across Member States and their potential implications for upward economic and … across the EU – would see inequalities between women and men dissipate. The first convergence analysis was introduced …

… Achievements in gender equality from 2010 differ considerably across domains and countries. From both short-term (2018–2019) and … for the financial and economic situations of women and men progressed faster. From 2018 to 2019, the following …

… The Gender Equality Index score for the EU-27 is 68.0 points out … generations to achieve gender parity at the current pace. And even that projection is threatened by COVID-19. The … spent on unpaid care and social activities by women and men. The domain of work, despite having the third highest …

… Gender inequalities in health Gender differences in health … status Overall, women tend to report worse health than men. In the 27 Member States of the EU (EU-27), 66 % of women and 71 % of men perceive their health to be good or very …

… Europe has made fragile gains in gender equality. But big losses are emerging as a result of … is lasting longer for women, while life expectancy for men has dropped. Our Index findings can help Europe’s leaders … tackle the different effects of the pandemic on women and men and alleviate the unequal short and long-term …

… Main findings The Gender Equality Index score for the EU is 68.0 points out of … an improvement of just 0.6 points since the 2020 edition and of only 4.9 points in total since 2010. Even that minimal … degrees, both overall and in the extent to which women and men are relatively affected, greater divergence on gender …

… largely driven by recovery from the 2008 economic crisis and the relative stability after the crisis (EIGE, 2020g). … 0.5 points overall. Such creeping gains in the area of gender segregation in the labour force underlines the … women’s FTE employment rate in 2019 was 16 p.p. lower than men’s (see Section 2.2.). The gender gap was particularly …

… disease 2019 ECDC European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control EHIS European Health Interview Survey EIGE European Institute for Gender Equality EQLS European Quality of Life Survey ETUI … Health Organization Five Well-Being Index WMID Women and Men in Decision-Making Footnotes [1] This report uses the …

… Ostrovschi, N. V., Prince, M., Gorceag, V. I., Trigub, C., and Oram, S. (2013). Risk factors for mental disorders in … J., and Tertilt, M. (2020). The Impact of COVID-19 on Gender Equality (w26947). Retrieved from Cambridge, MA: … P. (2019). Who self‐cares wins: an updated perspective on men and self‐care. Trends in Urology & Men’s Health, 10(3), …

… Gender inequalities in health The conditions in which women and men live, work and spend their time affect their health. …

… crisis would be short-lived. As the toll on human health and lives has grown, the intertwined social, economic and … Although health was designated the thematic focus of the Gender Equality Index 2021 prior to the pandemic, COVID-19 … As reasons for unequal health outcomes between women and men vary, this chapter examines the role of social …

… many forms, including physical, sexual, psychological and economic. It can occur among intimate partners, in … life circumstances can increase women’s vulnerability to gender-based violence. Freedom from violence and stereotyping … Index because it does not measure gaps between women and men. Rather, it presents women’s experiences of gender-based …

… Significant gender inequalities persist in the EU in all areas, despite … [1] , these include major disparities in life expectancy and self-assessed health status. There are also large gender differences in health-impacting behaviour. Men tend to engage more in risky behaviour such as smoking …