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… including the level of exposure to the virus and prior health status. many authors, such as Bambra et al. (2020b), … on three specific gendered impacts of the pandemic on health: poor mental health, a rise in gender-based violence and the provision of …

… ‘Good sexual and reproductive health is a state of complete physical, mental and social … Gender-sensitive approaches to sexual and reproductive health are key to public health Women and men have different SRH needs, and …

… and curative) plays a critical role in maintaining good health. It is considered an important social determinant of health (WHO, 2019e). In the EU context, access to health services has been acknowledged as a right and …

… WHO defines health behaviour as ‘any activity undertaken by an individual, regardless of actual or perceived health status, for the purpose of promoting, protecting or maintaining health, whether or not such behaviour is objectively …

… NCDs are the leading cause of poor health in the EU, with varying impacts on women and men. … norms (WHO, 2019g). In particular, gender-specific mental health disorders also have different impacts on health status. Poor mental health also contributes to the …

… Rights, access and outcomes – sexual and reproductive health in focus The COVID-19 pandemic aggravates and brings forth health inequalities …

… work–life balance for their own employees, and their health and safety. The EIGE study interviews show that …

… of physical and sexual violence contact doctors and health services, rather than the police. Data recorded by …

… EU. Though the full effects of the pandemic on people’s health are not clear, they are likely to be far-reaching. By … and men are affected by COVID-19 in terms of infection and health outcomes. It also examines some of the gendered consequences of the pandemic restrictions on health, including mental health and exposure to gender-based …

… reflects the pre-pandemic period, and the subdomain of health behaviour has not been updated because of a lack of fresh data. The domain of health has, at 87.8 points, the highest score of all six … been similarly marginal for the subdomains of access to health services (+ 2 points) and health status (+ 1.7 points) …

… be redressed (WHO, 2020g). Although women make up 70 % of health professionals and 80 % of health associate professionals in the EU (EIGE, 2018b), this … majority does not translate into leadership roles in the health sector, or in politics. During the pandemic and until …

… isolation and increased time spent at home, combined with health and financial stressors, are thought to account for a …

… reduce social inequality and improve mental and physical health (European Commission, 2015a). Figure 12. Participation …

… percentages of women and men students in the education, health and welfare, humanities and arts fields. …

… among ‘essential’ workers, including in the health and care sectors, victim support services, education …

… Gender inequalities in health Gender differences in health status Overall, women tend to report worse health than men. In the 27 Member States of the EU (EU-27), …

… in the sector. By March 2021, only one in four EU health ministers and 4 out of 10 junior/vice ministers were women. Domain of health The domain of health, although having the highest score of all six domains, …

… For example, women continue to dominate the education, health and social work employment sectors, even in countries … women’s and men’s participation in the education, human health and social work sectors. Quality of work is measured …

… Centre for Disease Prevention and Control EHIS European Health Interview Survey EIGE European Institute for Gender … Labour Force Survey EU-OSHA European Agency for Safety and Health at Work Eurofound European Foundation for the … FTE full-time equivalent GBD Global Burden of Disease HBSC Health Behaviour in School-aged Children HIV human …