Violence against women – as shown by the results of the European Union gender-based violence (EU-GBV) survey conducted by Eurostat, the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) and the European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE) – is widespread and takes many forms. The results presented in this report represent the experiences of women in the 27 Member States with...
Migration to the European Union (EU) has increased significantly in recent years, driven by conflict, climate change and geopolitical instability. While global data is limited, available evidence indicates that these crises disproportionately impact women and girls, increasing their exposure to gender-based violence (GBV). Migrants – particularly those who are forcibly displaced or undocumented or face intersecting forms of discrimination –...
The European Protection Order (EPO) is a legal instrument that helps ensure that victims of gender-based and other forms of violence who are protected by national protection measures in one EU Member State remain protected if they decide to travel or move to another Member State. The EPO is designed to protect a person against a criminal act that may...
EIGE’s research on femicide has focused on the definition and measurement of femicide as a specific crime, due to the gendered nature of the killings and dynamics of power imbalance between women and men. EIGE supports Member States in collecting administrative data on femicides within the context of intimate-partner relationships, domestic relationships or any relationships. This policy brief presents the...
The European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE) has developed 13 indicators on intimate partner violence and domestic violence to guide the data collection efforts of the police and the justice sector. EIGE’s indicators support EU Member States to measure intimate partner violence and domestic violence and to assess the progress made to combat and monitor these forms of violence. Between...
In recent years, with unprecedented migration levels and a shifting security landscape, the need to address gender-based violence (GBV) during migration journeys has become increasingly urgent in the EU. The most recent legislative achievements in combating GBV pave the way towards more gender-responsive interventions, but significant gaps remain in migration and security policies. To effectively combat GBV in the context...
This joint report by the European Union Agency for Criminal Justice Cooperation (Eurojust) and the European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE) provides the latest information on the use and relevance of Directive 2011/99/EU on the European Protection Order (EPO) and the challenges and best practices related to its implementation. The main aim of the report is to inform policymakers and...
Digital platforms such as Snapchat, Instagram, X and Reddit are forums for public and private expression and social interaction, and they provide many other useful services. However, the online space is not always welcoming to everyone. In an environment of pseudo-anonymity and limited accountability, pervasive exclusionary and harmful narratives are often unleashed. Spreading virally, these practices are categorised as cyber...
This report presents, for the first time, selected key results of the EU gender-based violence survey based on data from all 27 Member States. Across the EU-27, 114 023 women were interviewed about their experiences. The report focuses on the prevalence of various forms of violence against women in the EU. The EU gender-based violence survey also collected specific data...
Since the onset of Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine on 22 February 2022, human rights violations and violence have become the new harrowing reality of Ukraine, with growing evidence of mass atrocities and crimes of sexual violence and torture committed against civilians in the territories occupied by Russia’s armed forces. Over 8 million persons – mostly women and children...
The European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE) has developed 13 indicators on intimate partner violence (IPV) to guide the data collection efforts of the police and justice sectors. The indicators developed by EIGE help to assess the progress made at the national level to reduce IPV and domestic violence, and enhance the comparability of data in alignment with the minimum...
Economic violence is a common form of violence against women statistically defined as ‘any act or behaviour which causes economic harm to an individual’. Economic violence is rooted in gender inequality and reinforced by traditional gender norms.
