Cyprus

In the domain of work, greater participation and lower gender segregation in employment contributed to an increase in the score.

The employment rate (20-64) is 64 % for women versus 72 % for men. The total employment rate is 68 % and Cyprus has not yet reached the national target of the Europe 2020 strategy (EU2020) (75-77 %).

The full-time equivalent (FTE) employment rate of women is about 45 %, compared to 53 % for men.

The gender gap in the FTE employment rate increases with age; the gap is 6 6 percentage points (p.p.) to the detriment of women aged 25-49 and 19 p.p. to the detriment of women aged 50-64. The FTE gender gap is much greater among single women and men (35 % versus 58 %, respectively), in couples with children (64 % versus 80 %, respectively) and among people with disabilities (18 % versus 30 %, respectively), always to the detriment of women.

17 % of women work part-time, compared to 11 % of men. On average, women work 37 hours per week, compared to 41 hours for men. 5 % of working-age women versus 0.1 % of working-age men are economically inactive or work part-time due to care responsibilities.

Gender segregation in the labour market is a reality for both women and men, even if it occurs to a lesser extent compared to other Member States. Nearly 20 % of women compared to 7 % of men work in education, human health and social work activities (EHW).

The share of women and men working in EHW is much higher among those who have completed tertiary education. The gender gap is wider between women and men with a higher level of education. Gender segregation is much higher among the native-born population compared to foreign-born people.

Eight times more men (25 %) than women (3 %) work in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) occupations.

The situation in the domain of money has improved. Gender equality has improved in earnings and income, but has remained almost unchanged in poverty and in the distribution of wealth.

Mean monthly earnings of women and men have increased. Women earn nearly 18 % less than men per month. The gender gap is the same for women in a couple, both with and without children. Lone mothers, however, earn more compared to lone fathers. The gender gap in monthly earnings grows with age; it is also greatest among women and men with a higher level of education and among those who were born outside of the EU-28.

While the population of women at risk of poverty (17 %, down from 19 %) has slightly decreased, the population of men at risk of poverty (15 %) has remained the same. The risk of poverty increased to nearly 30 % among single women, lone mothers and women aged 65+. 43 % and 36 % of non-EU-born women and men, respectively, are at risk of poverty in Cyprus.

Inequalities in income distribution have slightly increased. The gender pay gap is 14 % to the detriment of women. In 2012, the gender gap in pensions was 37 % to the detriment of women. Both values are slightly higher than the EU-28 average (16 % and 38 %, respectively).

All the scores in the domain of knowledge have improved. The situation has become more gender equal overall and segregation in study fields has decreased significantly.

The number of tertiary graduates has greatly increased. Women have surpassed men in tertiary education (35 % and 30 %, respectively). Cyprus has met its national EU2020 target to have 46 % of people aged 30-34 obtain a tertiary degree; as it stands, 55 % of people in that age group have obtained tertiary education.

The rate of participation of women and men in lifelong learning has progressed too, but at a slower pace.

Gender segregation in study fields remains a major challenge. The gender gap in tertiary education in the fields of education, health and welfare, humanities and arts has slightly decreased, but remains high. 40 % of women students, compared to only 17 % of men students, are concentrated in these fields, which are traditionally seen as ‘feminine’.

In the domain of time, the score increased. The greatest challenge remains in the division of time allocated to social activities between women and men.

Women are more likely to spend spend time caring for their family (50 % versus 34 % of men). However, the gender gap is narrower. Among couples with children, 92 % of women have daily care responsibilities compared to 70 % of men. 78 % of non-EU-born women have daily care responsibilities for an hour or more, as opposed to only 44 % of men in the same group.

81 % of women compared to only 27 % of men do the cooking and housework every day for at least 1 hour. The gender gap is bigger among people with disabilities (88 % and 18 %, respectively) and non-EU-born women and men (96 % and 13 %, respectively). In all couples, both with and without children, the gender gap is nearly 60 p.p. to the detriment of women.

Inequality in time-sharing at home also extends to social activities. Men are twice as likely as women to participate in sporting, cultural and leisure activities outside the home. This gap widens dramatically in couples with children, where six times more men compared to women are engaged in such activities. Participation in voluntary or charitable activities, however, is slightly higher for women than for men. Among women, the highest engagement in such activities is by women in a couple with children and, among men, the highest participation is by single men.

21 % of children under the age of three are enrolled in childcare, as are 80 % of children between the age of three and school age. Therefore, Cyprus has not met either of the two ‘Barcelona targets’, which are to have at least 33 % of children below the age of three in childcare and 90 % of children between the age of three and school age in childcare.

The score in the domain of power shows a marked increase as a result of the considerable improvement in the sub-domain of economic power. However, it remains the domain with the lowest score for Cyprus.

The representation of women on the corporate boards of publicly listed companies has slightly increased. In the finance sector, women’s representation is also progressing. While women were absent from the board of the central bank in 2005, they now hold 14 % of these positions.

The slight increase in the sub-domain of political power is due to the increased gender balance in the government, where women represent 8 % of ministers (up from 2 %). The share of women in parliament is unchanged (14 %), but has slightly deteriorated in local assemblies.

A quarter of the board members of research-funding organisations and about one tenth of the board members of publicly owned broadcasting organisations are women. The gender gap in decision-making in sport is even greater — women comprise just 4 % of members of the highest decision-making bodies of national Olympic sport organisations.

In the domain of health, the increase in the score is equally driven by the sub-domains of status and access.

The sub-domain of status includes perceived health, life expectancy and healthy life years. All these indicators have progressed, both for women and for men, and the gender gaps have narrowed. Almost 80 % of women and men evaluate their health as ‘good’ or ‘very good’. Only 20 % of women with disabilities and 26 % of men with disabilities rate their health as ‘good’ or ‘very good’.

Fewer single women are satisfied with their health (55 %), rating it as ‘good’ or ‘very good’, than single men (71 %). Such a gap is marginal between women and men in a couple, with and without children. Satisfaction with health increases with education levels among both women and men.

On average women live 4 years longer than men (84 years and 80 years, respectively). Women and men have the same number of healthy life years (63 years).

Access to medical and dental services has improved for both women and men. The gender gap has narrowed and the level of access is now the same for both genders (around 98 % for medical needs and 95 % for dental needs). 22 % of lone mothers have unmet needs for dental examination.

Nearly half of men engage in risky behaviour (smoking and/or harmful drinking) compared to less than one fifth of women. However, slightly more men than women engage in health-enhancing behaviour (doing physical activities and/or consuming fruit and vegetables).

Violence against women is included in the Gender Equality Index as a satellite domain. This means that the scores of the domain of violence do not have an impact on the final score of the Gender Equality Index. From a statistical perspective, the domain of violence does not measure gaps between women and men as core domains do. Rather, it measures and analyses women’s experiences of violence. Unlike other domains, the overall objective is not to reduce the gaps of violence between women and men, but to eradicate violence completely.

A high score in the Gender Equality Index means a country is close to achieving a gender-equal society. However, in the domain of violence, the higher the score, the more serious the phenomenon of violence against women in the country is. On a scale of 1 to 100, 1 represents a situation where violence is non-existent and 100 represents a situation where violence against women is extremely common, highly severe and not disclosed. The best-performing country is therefore the one with the lowest score.

Cyprus’s score for the domain of violence is 24.7, which is slightly lower than the EU average.

In Cyprus, 22 % of women have experienced physical and/or sexual violence since the age of 15.

51 % of respondents who have experienced physical and/or sexual violence since the age of 15 experienced health consequences as a result.

20 % of women who have experienced physical and/or sexual violence by any perpetrator in the past 12 months have not told anyone. This rate is higher than the EU-28 average of 13 %.

At societal level, violence against women costs Cyprus an estimated EUR 385 million per year through lost economic output, service utilisation and personal costs (1).

The domain of violence is made up of three sub-domains: prevalence, which measures how often violence against women occurs; severity, which measures the health consequences of violence; and disclosure, which measures the reporting of violence.

[1] This is an exercise done at EU level to estimate the costs of the three major dimensions: services, lost economic output and pain and suffering of the victims. The estimates were extrapolated to the EU from a United Kingdom case study, based on population size. EIGE, Estimating the costs of gender-based violence in the European Union, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2014, p. 142.

Cyprus’s score in the domain of work is 70.7, showing progress of 4.4 points since 2005 (no change since 2015), with lower gender gaps in participation and lower segregation in employment.

The employment rate (of people aged 20-64) is 69 % for women and 79 % for men. With the overall employment rate of 74 %, Cyprus is not far from reaching its national EU 2020 employment target of 75-77 %. The full-time equivalent (FTE) employment rate remained stable for women (47 %) and dropped from 70 % to 57 % for men between 2005 and 2017. The gender gap is even wider between single women and men (23 p.p.) and between women and men in couples with children (20 p.p.), to the detriment of women.

Around 16 % of women work part-time, compared to 10 % of men. On average, women work 37 hours per week and men 41. The uneven concentration of women and men in different sectors of the labour market remains an issue. About 19 % of women work in education, health and social work, compared to 7 % of men. Fewer women (4 %) than men (27 %) work in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) occupations. In general, proportions of both women and men working in STEM occupations in Cyprus are among the lowest in the EU.

Cyprus’s score in the domain of money is 80.8, showing progress of 8.2 points since 2005 (+ 1.6 points since 2015), with improvements in the financial and economic situations of both women and men. Despite increases in the mean monthly earnings of both women (+ 83 %) and men (+ 67 %) from 2006 to 2014, the gender gap persists: women earn 18% less than men. In couples with children, women earn 24 % less than men (23% less for women in couples without children). This gender gap is even wider among people with low education levels, with women earning 36 % less than men. Foreign-born women earn 39 % less than foreign-born men. Native-born women earn 17 % less than men earn.

The risk of poverty decreased between 2005 and 2017: 17 % of women (- 2 p.p.) and 14 % of men (- 1 p.p.) are at risk. People facing the highest risk of poverty are: those with low levels of education (29 %); foreign-born people (25 %); single women (28 %); women with disabilities (25 %); and women aged over 65 (24 %). Inequalities in income distribution slightly decreased among women and increased among men between 2005 and 2017. On average, women earn 86 cents for every euro a man makes per hour, resulting in a gender pay gap of 14 %. The gender pension gap is 39 %.

Cyprus’s score in the domain of knowledge is 56.5, showing progress of 13.1 points since 2005 (- 2 points since 2015). Having moved up the ranking by 10 positions, Cyprus now ranks 18th in the EU, with significant improvements in both sub-domains.

The share of women with tertiary education (37 %) is higher than the share of men (31 %). The share of women tertiary graduates is highest for those aged 25-49 (55 %, compared to 44 % of men), while the gender gap is the highest for those aged 15/16-24 (26 % of women, compared to 7 % of men). Cyprus has already reached its national EU 2020 target of having 46 % of people aged 30-34 obtain tertiary education. The current rate is 57 % (64 % for women and 49 % for men). Participation in formal and non-formal education and training remained stable for women (13 %) and increased from 11 % to 14 % for men between 2005 and 2017.

The uneven concentration of women and men in different study fields remains a challenge for Cyprus; it ranks 27th in the EU in this sub-domain. Overall, 40 % of women students and 15 % of men students study education, health and welfare, or humanities and art.

Cyprus’s time domain score has not changed since the last edition of the Index, because new data is not available. The next data update for this domain is expected in 2021. More frequent time-use data would help to track progress in this domain.

Cyprus’s score in the domain of time is 51.3, well below the EU score of 65.7, despite improvements in the distribution of time spent on care activities. Women are more likely to spend time caring for their family: 50 % of women, compared to 34 % of men, have daily care responsibilities for one hour or more. In couples with children, higher shares of women (92 %) and men (70 %) spend time caring for their family. Around 81 % of women, compared to only 27 %, of men do cooking and housework every day for at least one hour. The gender gap is wider among people with disabilities (88 % for women and 18 % for men) and foreign-born women and men (92 % and 20 %).

Men are twice as likely as women to participate in sporting, cultural and leisure activities outside the home. Nearly the same shares of women (9 %) and men (8 %) are involved in voluntary or charitable activities.

Cyprus’s score in the domain of power is 28.2, with progress of 11.8 points since 2005 (+ 3.5 points since 2015). Regardless of significant improvements in all sub-domains, Cyprus ranks 24th in the EU. Progress is primarily driven by improvements in the sub-domain of economic power.

In the sub-domain of political power, the share of women increased among ministers from 0 % to 15 %, between 2005 and 2018. The share of women members of parliament also rose from 16 % to 18 %. The representation of women in local councils increased only slightly, from 13 % in 2010 to 15 % in 2018.

Between 2005 and 2018, the share of women increased among the board members of both the largest publicly listed companies from 7 % to 11 %, and from 0 % to 13 % on the board of the central bank. Women comprise 25 % of board members of research-funding organisations, 33 % of board members of publicly owned broadcasting organisations and only 5 % of members of the highest decision-making bodies of national Olympic sports organisations.

Cyprus’s score in the domain of health is 88.4, with progress of 2.6 points since 2005 (+ 0.2 points since 2015). This change is driven by increasing gender equality in health status and improvements in access to health services. There is no new data for health behaviour.

The overall level of health satisfaction in Cyprus increased for women and remained stable for men between 2005 and 2017. About 77 % of women and 79 % of men perceive their health as good. Health satisfaction increases with a person’s level of education and decreases in proportion to age. Gender gaps are much wider (to the detriment of women) among people with lower levels of education, those aged 65 or over and among single people (compared to those living in couples). Life expectancy increased for both women and men between 2005 and 2016. Women on average live four years longer than men (85 years compared to 81 years). Cyprus ranks fourth in the sub-domain of health status in the EU.

Adequate access to medical and dental care has increased for both women and men since 2005. Around 2 % of women and 1 % of men report unmet needs for medical care (compared to 7 % and 5 % in 2005). Fewer women and men (4 % for both) also report unmet needs for dental examination (compared to 13 % for both in 2005). Unmet needs for dental care are higher among women and men with lower levels of education, those with disabilities and those who are foreign-born.

Why is there no score for the violence domain?

There is no new data to update the score for violence, which is why it no figure is given. Eurostat is currently coordinating an EU-wide survey on gender-based violence, with results expected in 2023. EIGE will launch a second round of administrative data collection on intimate partner violence, rape and femicide in 2022. Both data sources will be used to update the domain of violence in the Gender Equality Index 2024.

Unlike the other domains of the Index, the domain of violence does not measure differences between women’s and men’s situations; rather, it examines women’s experiences of violence (prevalence, severity and disclosure). The overall objective is not to reduce the gaps in violence between women and men, but to eradicate violence completely.

Data gaps mask the true scale of violence

Istanbul Convention: state of play

The Istanbul Convention is the most comprehensive international human rights treaty on violence against women and domestic violence. Cyprus signed the Convention in June 2015 and ratified it in November 2017. The treaty entered into force in March 2018.

A lack of evidence to assess violence against women

Violence at a glance

1. Femicide
   In 2018, over 600 women were murdered by an intimate partner, a family member or a relative in 14 EU Member States, according to official reports. There is no data available for the number of women killed by a family member and no women were killed by their partners in 2017.
   Source: Eurostat, 2018 and 2017
2. Physical and/or sexual violence
   35 % of women who experienced physical and/or sexual violence, experienced it in their own home .
   1 % of bisexual women and 0 % of lesbian women were physically or sexually attacked in the past five years for being LGBTI .
   Source: FRA’s Fundamental Rights Survey and LGBTI Survey II, 2019
3. Harassment
   14 % of women experienced harassment in the past five years, and 9 % in the past 12 months.
   No data is available on cases of harassment experienced by women with disabilities .
   Source: FRA’s Fundamental Rights Survey, 2019
4. Cyberviolence
   4 % of women were subjected to cyber harassment in the past five years, and 2 % in the past 12 months.
   Among women aged 16-29, 6 % experienced cyber harassment in the past five years, and 4 % in the past 12 months. 
   Source: FRA’s Fundamental Rights Survey, 2019
5. Violence against LGBTI people
   22 % of trans people  and 1 % of bisexual women  and were physically or sexually attacked in the past five years.
   Source: FRA’s LGBTI Survey II, 2019
6. Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)
   Between 12 % and 17 % of the 758 girls in the resident migrant population were at risk of female genital mutilation in 2011.
   Source: EIGE, 2018

Istanbul Convention: state of play

The Istanbul Convention is the most comprehensive international human rights treaty on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence. Cyprus signed the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence (Istanbul Convention) in June 2015 and ratified it in November 2017. The treaty entered into force in March 2018.

A lack of evidence to assess violence against women

Femicide

In 2020, 788 women were murdered by an intimate partner, a family member or a relative in 17 EU Member States, according to official reports. Cyprus does not provide comparable data on intentional homicide.

Source: Eurostat, 2020

Istanbul Convention: state of play

The Istanbul Convention is the most comprehensive international human rights treaty on preventing and combatting violence against women and domestic violence. Cyprus signed the Istanbul Convention in June 2015 and ratified it in November 2017. The treaty entered into force in March 2018.

EIGE/FRA survey

The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) and the European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE) will carry out a survey on violence against women (VAW II) in eight EU Member States (CZ, DE, IE, CY, LU, HU, RO, SE), which will complement the Eurostat-led data collection on gender-based violence and other forms of interpersonal violence (EU-GBV) in the remaining countries. The use of common methodology will ensure the availability of comparable data across all EU Member States. Data collection will be completed in 2023, and the results will be used to update the domain of violence of the Gender Equality Index 2024 and its thematic focus on violence against women.

Έλλειψη στοιχείων για την αποτίμηση της βίας κατά των γυναικών

Η βία με μια ματιά

1. Γυναικοκτονίες
   Το 2018, περισσότερες από 600 γυναίκες δολοφονήθηκαν από συντρόφους, μέλη της οικογένειας ή συγγενικά πρόσωπα σε 14 κράτη μέλη της ΕΕ σύμφωνα με επίσημα στοιχεία. Δεν υπάρχουν διαθέσιμα στοιχεία σχετικά με τον αριθμό γυναικών που δολοφονήθηκαν από μέλη της οικογένειας, ενώ καμία γυναίκα δεν δολοφονήθηκε από σύντροφο το 2017.
   Πηγή: Eurostat, 2018 και 2017
2. Σωματική ή/και σεξουαλική βία
   Ποσοστό 35% των γυναικών που βίωσαν σωματική ή/και σεξουαλική βία την υπέστησαν μέσα στο ίδιο τους το σπίτι .
   Ποσοστό 1% των αμφιφυλόφιλων γυναικών και 0% των λεσβιών έπεσε θύμα σωματικής ή σεξουαλικής επίθεσης την τελευταία πενταετία επειδή ανήκει στην κοινότητα ΛΟΑΔΜ .
   Πηγή: Έρευνα του FRA για τα θεμελιώδη δικαιώματα και Έρευνα II για τα άτομα ΛΟΑΔΜ, 2019
3. Παρενόχληση
   Ποσοστό 14% των γυναικών υπέστη παρενόχληση την τελευταία πενταετία. Τους τελευταίους 12 μήνες το αντίστοιχο ποσοστό ήταν 9%.
   Δεν υπάρχουν διαθέσιμα στοιχεία για περιστατικά παρενόχλησης γυναικών με αναπηρία .
   Πηγή: Έρευνα του FRA για τα θεμελιώδη δικαιώματα, 2019
4. Διαδικτυακή βία
   Ποσοστό 4% των γυναικών υπέστη παρενόχληση στο διαδίκτυο την τελευταία πενταετία. Τους τελευταίους 12 μήνες το αντίστοιχο ποσοστό ήταν 2%.
   Στην ηλικιακή ομάδα 16-29 ετών, ποσοστό 6% των γυναικών υπέστη παρενόχληση στο διαδίκτυο την τελευταία πενταετία. Τους τελευταίους 12 μήνες το αντίστοιχο ποσοστό ήταν 4%.
   Πηγή: Έρευνα του FRA για τα θεμελιώδη δικαιώματα, 2019
5. Βία κατά των ΛΟΑΔΜ
   Ποσοστό 22% των διεμφυλικών  και 1% των αμφιφυλόφιλων γυναικών  έπεσε θύμα σωματικής ή σεξουαλικής επίθεσης την τελευταία πενταετία.
   Πηγή: Έρευνα ΙΙ του FRA για τα άτομα ΛΟΑΔΜ, 2019
6. Ακρωτηριασμός γυναικείων γεννητικών οργάνων (FGM)
   Ποσοστό από 12% έως 17% επί συνόλου 758 κοριτσιών στον τοπικό πληθυσμό μεταναστών διέτρεχαν κίνδυνο ακρωτηριασμού των γεννητικών οργάνων τους το 2011.
   Πηγή: EIGE, 2018

Σύμβαση της Κωνσταντινούπολης: τρέχουσα κατάσταση

Η Σύμβαση της Κωνσταντινούπολης αποτελεί την πληρέστερη διεθνή νομική πράξη στον τομέα των ανθρωπίνων δικαιωμάτων σχετικά με την πρόληψη και καταπολέμηση της βίας κατά των γυναικών και της ενδοοικογενειακής βίας. Η Κύπρος υπέγραψε τη σύμβαση του Συμβουλίου της Ευρώπης για την πρόληψη και καταπολέμηση της βίας κατά των γυναικών και της ενδοοικογενειακής βίας (Σύμβαση της Κωνσταντινούπολης) τον Ιούνιο του 2015 και την κύρωσε τον Νοέμβριο του 2017. Η σύμβαση τέθηκε σε ισχύ τον Μάρτιο του 2018.

Ανυπαρξία στοιχείων για την αποτίμηση της βίας κατά των γυναικών

Γυναικοκτονίες

Σύμφωνα με τα επίσημα στοιχεία, το 2020 δολοφονήθηκαν 788 γυναίκες από συντρόφους, μέλη της οικογένειας ή συγγενικά τους πρόσωπα σε 17 κράτη μέλη της ΕΕ. Η Κύπρος δεν παρείχε συγκρίσιμα δεδομένα για τις ανθρωποκτονίες από πρόθεση.

Πηγή: Eurostat, 2020

Σύμβαση της Κωνσταντινούπολης: τρέχουσα κατάσταση

Η σύμβαση της Κωνσταντινούπολης είναι η πληρέστερη διεθνής νομική πράξη στον τομέα των ανθρωπίνων δικαιωμάτων σχετικά με την πρόληψη και την καταπολέμηση της βίας κατά των γυναικών και της ενδοοικογενειακής βίας. Η Κύπρος υπέγραψε τη σύμβαση της Κωνσταντινούπολης τον Ιούνιο του 2015 και την επικύρωσε τον Νοέμβριο του 2017. Η σύμβαση τέθηκε σε ισχύ τον Μάρτιο του 2018.

Έρευνα EIGE/FRA

Ο Οργανισμός Θεμελιωδών Δικαιωμάτων της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης (FRA) και το Ευρωπαϊκό Ινστιτούτο για την Ισότητα των Φύλων (EIGE) θα διεξαγάγουν έρευνα σχετικά με τη βία κατά των γυναικών (VAW II) σε οκτώ κράτη μέλη της ΕΕ (CZ, DE, IE, CY, LU, HU, RO, SE), η οποία θα συμπληρώσει τη διευθυνόμενη από τη Eurostat συλλογή δεδομένων για την έμφυλη βία και άλλες μορφές διαπροσωπικής βίας (EU-GBV) για τις υπόλοιπες χώρες. Η χρήση κοινής μεθοδολογίας θα διασφαλίσει τη διαθεσιμότητα συγκρίσιμων δεδομένων σε όλα τα κράτη μέλη της ΕΕ. Η συλλογή δεδομένων θα ολοκληρωθεί το 2023 και τα αποτελέσματα θα χρησιμοποιηθούν για την επικαιροποίηση του τομέα της βίας στον Δείκτη Ισότητας των Φύλων του 2024 και της θεματικής του εστίασης στη βία κατά των γυναικών.

A lack of evidence to assess violence against women

Femicide

In 2021, 720 women were murdered by an intimate partner, family member or relative in 17 EU Member States, according to official reports. Cyprus does not provide comparable data on femicide.

Source: Eurostat, 2021

Violence at a glance

1. Intimate partner violence

   No data is available. Data on intimate partner violence will be updated in 2024 using Eurostat data complemented by the survey on violence against women carried out by FRA and EIGE.
    

2. Sexual harassment at work

   No data is available. Data on sexual harassment at work will be updated in 2024 using Eurostat data complemented by the survey on violence against women carried out by FRA and EIGE.

Istanbul Convention: state of play

The Istanbul Convention is the most comprehensive international human rights treaty on preventing and combatting violence against women and domestic violence. Cyprus signed the Istanbul Convention in June 2015, and ratified it in November 2017. The Convention entered into force in Cyprus in March 2018.

The European Council approved the EU’s accession to the Istanbul Convention on 1 June 2023.

EIGE/FRA survey on violence against women

The Fundamental Rights Agency (FRA) and the European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE) will carry out a survey on violence against women (VAW II) in eight EU Member States (CZ, DE, IE, CY, LU, HU, RO, SE), which will complement the Eurostat-led data collection on gender-based violence and other forms of interpersonal violence (EU-GBV) in the remaining countries. The use of a unified methodology will ensure the availability of comparable data across all EU Member States. Data collection will be completed this year, and the results will be used to update the domain of violence in the Gender Equality Index 2024, with its thematic focus on violence against women.

Ανυπαρξία στοιχείων για την αποτίμηση της βίας κατά των γυναικών

Γυναικοκτονίες

Σύμφωνα με επίσημα στοιχεία, το 2021 δολοφονήθηκαν 720 γυναίκες από σύντροφο, μέλος της οικογένειας ή συγγενικό τους πρόσωπο σε 17 κράτη μέλη της ΕΕ. Η Κύπρος δεν παρείχε συγκρίσιμα στοιχεία για τις ανθρωποκτονίες.

Πηγή: Eurostat, 2021

Η βία με μια ματιά

1. Ενδοσυντροφική βία

   Δεν υπάρχουν διαθέσιμα στοιχεία. Τα δεδομένα σχετικά με την ενδοσυντροφική βία θα επικαιροποιηθούν το 2024 με βάση τα στοιχεία της Eurostat που συμπληρώνονται από την έρευνα για τη βία κατά των γυναικών που διενεργήθηκε από τον FRA και το EIGE.
    

2. Σεξουαλική παρενόχληση στην εργασία

   Δεν υπάρχουν διαθέσιμα στοιχεία. Τα στοιχεία σχετικά με τη σεξουαλική παρενόχληση στην εργασία θα επικαιροποιηθούν το 2024 με βάση τα στοιχεία της Eurostat, τα οποία συμπληρώνονται από την έρευνα για τη βία κατά των γυναικών, η οποία διενεργήθηκε από τον FRA και το EIGE.

Σύμβαση της Κωνσταντινούπολης: τρέχουσα κατάσταση

Η σύμβαση της Κωνσταντινούπολης είναι η πληρέστερη διεθνής νομική πράξη στον τομέα των ανθρωπίνων δικαιωμάτων σχετικά με την πρόληψη και την καταπολέμηση της βίας κατά των γυναικών και της ενδοοικογενειακής βίας. Η Κύπρος υπέγραψε τη σύμβαση της Κωνσταντινούπολης τον Ιούνιο του 2015 και την επικύρωσε τον Νοέμβριο του 2017. Η σύμβαση τέθηκε σε ισχύ στην Κύπρο τον Μάρτιο του 2018.

Το Ευρωπαϊκό Συμβούλιο ενέκρινε την προσχώρηση της ΕΕ στη σύμβαση της Κωνσταντινούπολης την 1η Ιουνίου 2023.

Η έρευνα που πραγματοποιήθηκε από το EIGE και τον FRA σχετικά με τη βία κατά των γυναικών

Ο Οργανισμός Θεμελιωδών Δικαιωμάτων της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης (FRA) και το Ευρωπαϊκό Ινστιτούτο για την Ισότητα των Φύλων (EIGE) θα διεξαγάγουν έρευνα σχετικά με τη βία κατά των γυναικών (VAW II) σε οκτώ κράτη μέλη της ΕΕ (CZ, DE, IE, CY, LU, HU, RO, SE), η οποία θα συμπληρώσει την καθοδηγούμενη από τη Eurostat συλλογή δεδομένων για την έμφυλη βία και άλλες μορφές διαπροσωπικής βίας (EU-GBV) στις υπόλοιπες χώρες. Η χρήση ενιαίας μεθοδολογίας θα διασφαλίσει τη διαθεσιμότητα συγκρίσιμων δεδομένων σε όλα τα κράτη μέλη της ΕΕ. Η συλλογή δεδομένων θα ολοκληρωθεί εντός του έτους και τα αποτελέσματα θα χρησιμοποιηθούν προκειμένου να επικαιροποιηθεί ο τομέας της βίας στον Δείκτη Ισότητας των Φύλων του 2024 και η θεματική του εστίαση στο θέμα της βίας κατά των γυναικών.