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Gender-based violence

  • What is gender-based violence?
  • Forms of violence
  • EIGE’s work on gender-based violence
  • Administrative data collection
    • Data collection on violence against women
      • The need to improve data collection
      • Advancing administrative data collection on Intimate partner violence and gender-related killings of women
      • Improving police and justice data on intimate partner violence against women in the European Union
      • Developing EU-wide terminology and indicators for data collection on violence against women
      • Mapping the current status and potential of administrative data sources on gender-based violence in the EU
    • About the tool
    • Administrative data sources
    • Advanced search
  • Analysis of EU directives from a gendered perspective
  • Costs of gender-based violence
  • Cyber violence against women
  • Femicide
  • Intimate partner violence and witness intervention
  • Female genital mutilation
    • Risk estimations
  • Risk assessment and risk management by police
    • Risk assessment principles and steps
      • Principles
        • Principle 1: Prioritising victim safety
        • Principle 2: Adopting a victim-centred approach
        • Principle 3: Taking a gender-specific approach
        • Principle 4: Adopting an intersectional approach
        • Principle 5: Considering children’s experiences
      • Steps
        • Step 1: Define the purpose and objectives of police risk assessment
        • Step 2: Identify the most appropriate approach to police risk assessment
        • Step 3: Identify the most relevant risk factors for police risk assessment
        • Step 4: Implement systematic police training and capacity development
        • Step 5: Embed police risk assessment in a multiagency framework
        • Step 6: Develop procedures for information management and confidentiality
        • Step 7: Monitor and evaluate risk assessment practices and outcomes
    • Risk management principles and recommendations
      • Principle 1. Adopting a gender-specific approach
      • Principle 2. Introducing an individualised approach to risk management
      • Principle 3. Establishing an evidence-based approach
      • Principle 4. Underpinning the processes with an outcome-focused approach
      • Principle 5. Delivering a coordinated, multiagency response
    • Legal and policy framework
    • Tools and approaches
    • Areas for improvement
    • References
  • Good practices in EU Member States
  • Methods and tools in EU Member States
  • White Ribbon Campaign
    • About the White Ribbon Campaign
    • White Ribbon Ambassadors
  • Regulatory and legal framework
    • International regulations
    • EU regulations
    • Strategic framework on violence against women 2015-2018
    • Legal Definitions in the EU Member States
  • Literature and legislation
  • EIGE's publications on gender-based violence
  • Videos
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  • Menu
  • Gender mainstreaming
    • What is Gender mainstreaming
      • Policy cycle
    • Institutions and structures
      • European Union
      • EU Member States
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    • Policy areas
      • Agriculture and rural development
        • Policy cycle
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        • #3 Steps Forward
          • How can you make a difference?
        • Economic Benefits of Gender Equality in the EU
        • Policy cycle
      • Education
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        • Policy cycle
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    • Toolkits
      • Gender Equality Training
        • Back to toolkit page
        • What is Gender Equality Training
        • Why invest in Gender Equality Training
        • Who should use Gender Equality Training
        • Step-by-step guide to Gender Equality Training
            • 1. Assess the needs
            • 2. Integrate initiatives to broader strategy
            • 3. Ensure sufficient resources
            • 4. Write good terms of reference
            • 5. Select a trainer
            • 6. Engage in the needs assessment
            • 7. Actively participate in the initiative
            • 8. Invite others to join in
            • 9. Monitoring framework and procedures
            • 10. Set up an evaluation framework
            • 11. Assess long-term impacts
            • 12. Give space and support others
        • Designing effective Gender Equality Training
        • Gender Equality Training in the EU
        • Good Practices on Gender Equality Training
        • More resources on Gender Equality Training
        • More on EIGE's work on Gender Equality Training
      • Gender Impact Assessment
        • Back to toolkit page
        • What is Gender Impact Assessment
        • Why use Gender Impact Assessment
        • Who should use Gender Impact Assessment
        • When to use Gender Impact Assessment
        • Guide to Gender Impact Assessment
          • Step 1: Definition of policy purpose
          • Step 2: Checking gender relevance
          • Step 3: Gender-sensitive analysis
          • Step 4: Weighing gender impact
          • Step 5: Findings and proposals for improvement
        • Following up on gender impact assessment
        • General considerations
        • Examples from the EU
            • European Commission
            • Austria
            • Belgium
            • Denmark
            • Finland
            • Sweden
            • Basque country
            • Catalonia
            • Lower Saxony
            • Swedish municipalities
      • Institutional Transformation
        • Back to toolkit page
        • What is Institutional Transformation
          • Institutional transformation and gender: Key points
          • Gender organisations
          • Types of institutions
          • Gender mainstreaming and institutional transformation
          • Dimensions of gender mainstreaming in institutions: The SPO model
        • Why focus on Institutional Transformation
          • Motivation model
        • Who the guide is for
        • Guide to Institutional Transformation
            • 1. Creating accountability and strengthening commitment
            • 2. Allocating resources
            • 3. Conducting an organisational analysis
            • 4. Developing a strategy and work plan
            • 5. Establishing a support structure
            • 6. Setting gender equality objectives
            • 7. Communicating gender mainstreaming
            • 8. Introducing gender mainstreaming
            • 9. Developing gender equality competence
            • 10. Establishing a gender information management system
            • 11. Launching gender equality action plans
            • 12. Promotional equal opportunities
            • 13. Monitoring and steering organisational change
        • Dealing with resistance
          • Discourse level
          • Individual level
          • Organisational level
          • Statements and reactions
        • Checklist: Key questions for change
        • Examples from the EU
            • 1. Strengthening accountability
            • 2. Allocating resources
            • 3. Organisational analysis
            • 4. Developing a strategy and working plan
            • 5. Establishing a support structure
            • 6. Setting objectives
            • 7. Communicating gender mainstreaming
            • 8. Introducing methods and tools
            • 9. Developing Competence
            • 10. Establishing a gender information management system
            • 11. Launching action plans
            • 12. Promoting within an organisation
            • 13. Monitoring and evaluating
      • Gender Equality in Academia and Research
        • Back to toolkit page
        • WHAT
          • What is a Gender Equality Plan?
          • Terms and definitions
          • Which stakeholders need to be engaged into a GEP
          • About the Gear Tool
        • WHY
          • Horizon Europe GEP criterion
          • Gender Equality in Research and Innovation
          • Why change must be structural
          • Rationale for gender equality change in research and innovation
          • GEAR step-by-step guide for research organisations, universities and public bodies
            • Step 1: Getting started
            • Step 2: Analysing and assessing the state-of-play in the institution
            • Step 3: Setting up a Gender Equality Plan
            • Step 4: Implementing a Gender Equality Plan
            • Step 5: Monitoring progress and evaluating a Gender Equality Plan
            • Step 6: What comes after the Gender Equality Plan?
          • GEAR step-by-step guide for research funding bodies
            • Step 1: Getting started
            • Step 2: Analysing and assessing the state-of-play in the institution
            • Step 3: Setting up a Gender Equality Plan
            • Step 4: Implementing a Gender Equality Plan
            • Step 5: Monitoring progress and evaluating a Gender Equality Plan
            • Step 6: What comes after the Gender Equality Plan?
          • GEAR action toolbox
            • Work-life balance and organisational culture
            • Gender balance in leadership and decision making
            • Gender equality in recruitment and career progression
            • Integration of the sex/gender dimension into research and teaching content
            • Measures against gender-based violence including sexual harassment
            • Measures mitigating the effect of COVID-19
            • Data collection and monitoring
            • Training: awareness-raising and capacity building
            • GEP development and implementation
            • Gender-sensitive research funding procedures
          • Success factors for GEP development and implementation
          • Challenges & resistance
        • WHERE
          • Austria
          • Belgium
          • Bulgaria
          • Croatia
          • Cyprus
          • Czechia
          • Denmark
          • Estonia
          • Finland
          • France
          • Germany
          • Greece
          • Hungary
          • Ireland
          • Italy
          • Latvia
          • Lithuania
          • Luxembourg
          • Malta
          • Netherlands
          • Poland
          • Portugal
          • Romania
          • Slovakia
          • Slovenia
          • Spain
          • Sweden
          • United Kingdom
      • Gender-sensitive Parliaments
        • Back to toolkit page
        • What is the tool for?
        • Who is the tool for?
        • How to use the tool
        • Self-assessment, scoring and interpretation of parliament gender-sensitivity
          • AREA 1 – Women and men have equal opportunities to ENTER the parliament
            • Domain 1 – Electoral system and gender quotas
            • Domain 2 - Political party/group procedures
            • Domain 3 – Recruitment of parliamentary employees
          • AREA 2 – Women and men have equal opportunities to INFLUENCE the parliament’s working procedures
            • Domain 1 – Parliamentarians’ presence and capacity in a parliament
            • Domain 2 – Structure and organisation
            • Domain 3 – Staff organisation and procedures
          • AREA 3 – Women’s interests and concerns have adequate SPACE on parliamentary agenda
            • Domain 1 – Gender mainstreaming structures
            • Domain 2 – Gender mainstreaming tools in parliamentary work
            • Domain 3 – Gender mainstreaming tools for staff
          • AREA 4 – The parliament produces gender-sensitive LEGISLATION
            • Domain 1 – Gender equality laws and policies
            • Domain 2 – Gender mainstreaming in laws
            • Domain 3 – Oversight of gender equality
          • AREA 5 – The parliament complies with its SYMBOLIC function
            • Domain 1 – Symbolic meanings of spaces
            • Domain 2 – Gender equality in external communication and representation
        • How gender-sensitive are parliaments in the EU?
        • Examples of gender-sensitive practices in parliaments
          • Women and men have equal opportunities to ENTER the parliament
          • Women and men have equal opportunities to INFLUENCE the parliament’s working procedures
          • Women’s interests and concerns have adequate SPACE on parliamentary agenda
          • The parliament produces gender-sensitive LEGISLATION
          • The parliament complies with its SYMBOLIC function
        • Glossary of terms
        • References and resources
      • Gender Budgeting
        • Back to toolkit page
        • A chi è destinato questo kit di strumenti?
        • Che cos’è il bilancio di genere?
          • Introduzione al bilancio di genere
          • Qual è il nesso tra il bilancio di genere e le realtà vissute da uomini e donne?
          • Che cosa comporta nella pratica il bilancio di genere?
          • Il bilancio di genere nei fondi UE
            • Il bilancio di genere quale strumento per ottemperare agli obblighi giuridici dell’UE
            • Il bilancio di genere quale strumento per promuovere l’assunzione di responsabilità e la trasparenza nella pianificazione e nella gestione delle finanze pubbliche
            • Il bilancio di genere come strumento per aumentare la partecipazione di donne e uomini alle procedure di bilancio
            • Il bilancio di genere quale strumento per promuovere la parità di genere per donne e uomini in tutta la loro diversità
        • Perché il bilancio di genere è importante nell’ambito dei fondi europei in regime di gestione concorrente?
          • Tre motivi per cui il bilancio di genere è fondamentale nei fondi UE
        • Come si può applicare il bilancio di genere nei fondi UE? Strumenti pratici ed esempi di Stati membri
          • Strumento 1 — Collegare i fondi UE al quadro normativo dell’UE sulla parità di genere
            • Base legislativa e normativa per le politiche dell’UE in materia di parità di genere
            • Requisiti concreti per tenere conto della parità di genere all’interno dei fondi UE
            • Condizioni abilitanti dei fondi UE
            • Risorse supplementari
          • Strumento 2 — Analizzare le disuguaglianze e le esigenze di genere a livello nazionale e regionale
            • Misure per valutare e analizzare le disuguaglianze e le esigenze di genere
            • Fase 1. Raccogliere informazioni e dati disaggregati relativi al gruppo di riferimento
            • Fase 2. Individuare le disparità di genere esistenti e le cause soggiacenti
            • Fase 3. Consultare direttamente i gruppi di riferimento
            • Fase 4. Trarre conclusioni
            • Risorse supplementari
          • Strumento 3 — Applicare la parità di genere agli obiettivi politici (accordi di partenariato) e agli obiettivi e misure specifici (programmi operativi)
            • Misure per tradurre in azioni concrete la parità di genere negli accordi di partenariato e nei programmi operativi
            • Orientamenti generali per applicare la parità di genere nell’elaborazione di obiettivi strategici e obiettivi e misure specifici
            • Lista di controllo per l’applicazione pratica del principio orizzontale della parità di genere negli accordi di partenariato
            • Lista di controllo per l’applicazione pratica del principio orizzontale della parità di genere nei programmi operativi
            • Esempi di integrazione della parità di genere come principio orizzontale negli obiettivi strategici e specifici
          • Strumento 4 — Coordinamento e complementarità tra i fondi UE per promuovere l’equilibrio tra vita professionale e vita privata
            • Misure per rafforzare il coordinamento e le complementarità tra i fondi
            • Fase 1 — Allineamento agli obiettivi dell’impegno strategico per la parità di genere
            • Fasi 2 e 3 — Individuare e sviluppare possibili interventi a favore dell’equilibrio tra vita professionale e vita privata
            • Fase 4 — Attività di verifica mediante l’uso di indicatori nell’ambito dei sistemi di sorveglianza e valutazione (M&E)
            • Studio di caso fittizio 1: conciliare il lavoro retribuito con la cura dei figli
            • Studio di caso fittizio 2: conciliare il lavoro a turni con la cura dei figli
            • Caso di studio fittizio 3: trovare l’equilibrio tra la cura di sé stessi e la cura degli altri
            • Caso di studio fittizio 4: conciliare la cura dei figli e degli anziani con il lavoro a turni
            • Risorse supplementari
          • Strumento 5 — Definizione di partenariati e governance multilivello: individuazione di partner pertinenti, ruolo degli esperti di genere e composizione dei comitati di sorveglianza
            • Misure per definire i partenariati e governance multilivello
            • Risorse supplementari
          • Strumento 6 — Sviluppare indicatori quantitativi e qualitativi per promuovere l’uguaglianza di genere
            • Fasi dell’elaborazione di indicatori quantitativi e qualitativi
            • FESR e Fondo di coesione (stessi indicatori comuni)
            • Fondo sociale europeo Plus
            • Fondo europeo per gli affari marittimi e la pesca
            • Risorse supplementari
          • Strumento 7 — Definire criteri di selezione dei progetti sensibili alla dimensione di genere
            • Analisi delle fasi per sostenere l’elaborazione e la selezione di progetti sensibili alla dimensione di genere
            • Lista di controllo per la preparazione degli inviti a presentare proposte di progetti
            • Lista di controllo per i criteri di selezione dei progetti
            • Strumento supplementare 7.a — Accordi che tengano conto della dimensione di genere con i responsabili dell’attuazione dei progetti
          • Strumento 8 — Controllare le assegnazioni di risorse per l’uguaglianza di genere nei fondi UE
            • Ensuring gender relevance in EU Funds
            • The tracking system
            • Steps for tracking resource allocations on gender equality
            • Step 1: Ex ante approach
            • Step 2: Ex post approach
            • Examples of Step 2a
            • Annex 1: Ex ante assignment of intervention fields to the gender equality dimension codes
            • Annex 2: The EU’s gender equality legal and policy framework
          • Strumento 9 — Integrare la parità di genere nella concezione dei progetti
            • Analisi delle fasi per integrare la parità di genere nella concezione dei progetti
            • Fase 1. Allineamento agli obiettivi e agli indicatori di genere degli accordi di partenariato e dei programmi operativi
            • Fase 2. Sviluppo del progetto e candidatura
            • Fase 3. Attuazione del progetto
            • Fase 4. Valutazione del progetto
          • Strumento 10 — Integrare una prospettiva di genere nei processi di sorveglianza e valutazione
            • Misure per integrare una prospettiva di genere nei processi di sorveglianza e valutazione
            • Risorse supplementari
          • Strumento 11 — Rendicontazione sull’esborso di risorse per la parità di genere nei fondi UE
            • Tracciamento delle spese per l’uguaglianza di genere
            • Risorse supplementari
          • Bibliografia
          • Acronimi
          • Ringraziamenti
      • Gender-responsive Public Procurement
        • Back to toolkit page
        • Who is this toolkit for?
          • Guiding you through the toolkit
        • What is gender-responsive public procurement?
          • How is gender-responsive public procurement linked to gender equality?
          • How is gender-responsive public procurement linked to gender budgeting?
          • Five reasons why gender-responsive public procurement
          • Why was this toolkit produced
        • Gender-responsive public procurement in practice
          • Legal framework cross-references gender equality and public procurement
          • Public procurement strategies cover GRPP
          • Gender equality action plans or strategies mention public procurement
          • Capacity-building programmes, support structures
          • Regular collaboration between gender equality bodies
          • Effective monitoring and reporting systems on the use of GRPP
          • Tool 1:Self-assessment questionnaire about the legal
          • Tool 2: Overview of the legislative, regulatory and policy frameworks
        • How to include gender aspects in tendering procedures
          • Pre-procurement stage
            • Needs assessment
            • Tool 3: Decision tree to assess the gender relevance
            • Preliminary market consultation
            • Tool 4: Guiding questions for needs assessment
            • Defining the subject matter of the contract
            • Choosing the procedure
            • Tool 5: Decision tree for the choice of procedure for GRPP
            • Dividing the contract into lots
            • Tool 6: Guiding questions for dividing contracts into lots for GRPP
            • Light regime for social, health and other specific services
            • Tool 7: Guiding questions for applying GRPP under the light regime
            • Tool 8: Guiding questions for applying GRPP under the light regime
            • Reserved contracts
            • Preparing tender documents
          • Procurement stage
            • Exclusion grounds
            • Selection criteria
            • Technical specifications
            • Tool 9: Decision tree for setting GRPP selection criteria
            • Award criteria
            • Tool 10: Formulating GRPP award criteria
            • Tool 11: Bidders’ concepts to ensure the integration of gender aspects
            • Use of labels/certifications
          • Post-procurement stage
            • Tool 12: Checklist for including GRPP contract performance conditions
            • Subcontracting
            • Monitoring
            • Reporting
            • Tool 13: Template for a GRPP monitoring and reporting plan
        • References
        • Additional resources
    • Methods and tools
      • Browse
      • About EIGE's methods and tools
      • Gender analysis
      • Gender audit
      • Gender awareness-raising
      • Gender budgeting
      • Gender impact assessment
      • Gender equality training
      • Gender-responsive evaluation
      • Gender statistics and indicators
      • Gender monitoring
      • Gender planning
      • Gender-responsive public procurement
      • Gender stakeholder consultation
      • Sex-disaggregated data
      • Institutional transformation
      • Examples of methods and tools
      • Resources
    • Good practices
      • Browse
      • About good practices
      • EIGE’s approach to good practices
    • Country specific information
      • Belgium
        • Overview
      • Bulgaria
        • Overview
      • Czechia
        • Overview
      • Denmark
        • Overview
      • Germany
        • Overview
      • Estonia
        • Overview
      • Ireland
        • Overview
      • Greece
        • Overview
      • Spain
        • Overview
      • France
        • Overview
      • Croatia
        • Overview
      • Italy
        • Overview
      • Cyprus
        • Overview
      • Latvia
        • Overview
      • Lithuania
        • Overview
      • Luxembourg
        • Overview
      • Hungary
        • Overview
      • Malta
        • Overview
      • Netherlands
        • Overview
      • Austria
        • Overview
      • Poland
        • Overview
      • Portugal
        • Overview
      • Romania
        • Overview
      • Slovenia
        • Overview
      • Slovakia
        • Overview
      • Finland
        • Overview
      • Sweden
        • Overview
    • EIGE’s publications on Gender mainstreaming
    • Concepts and definitions
    • Power Up conference 2019
  • Gender-based violence
    • What is gender-based violence?
    • Forms of violence
    • EIGE’s work on gender-based violence
    • Administrative data collection
      • Data collection on violence against women
        • The need to improve data collection
        • Advancing administrative data collection on Intimate partner violence and gender-related killings of women
        • Improving police and justice data on intimate partner violence against women in the European Union
        • Developing EU-wide terminology and indicators for data collection on violence against women
        • Mapping the current status and potential of administrative data sources on gender-based violence in the EU
      • About the tool
      • Administrative data sources
      • Advanced search
    • Analysis of EU directives from a gendered perspective
    • Costs of gender-based violence
    • Cyber violence against women
    • Femicide
    • Intimate partner violence and witness intervention
    • Female genital mutilation
      • Risk estimations
    • Risk assessment and risk management by police
      • Risk assessment principles and steps
          • Principle 1: Prioritising victim safety
          • Principle 2: Adopting a victim-centred approach
          • Principle 3: Taking a gender-specific approach
          • Principle 4: Adopting an intersectional approach
          • Principle 5: Considering children’s experiences
          • Step 1: Define the purpose and objectives of police risk assessment
          • Step 2: Identify the most appropriate approach to police risk assessment
          • Step 3: Identify the most relevant risk factors for police risk assessment
          • Step 4: Implement systematic police training and capacity development
          • Step 5: Embed police risk assessment in a multiagency framework
          • Step 6: Develop procedures for information management and confidentiality
          • Step 7: Monitor and evaluate risk assessment practices and outcomes
      • Risk management principles and recommendations
        • Principle 1. Adopting a gender-specific approach
        • Principle 2. Introducing an individualised approach to risk management
        • Principle 3. Establishing an evidence-based approach
        • Principle 4. Underpinning the processes with an outcome-focused approach
        • Principle 5. Delivering a coordinated, multiagency response
      • Legal and policy framework
      • Tools and approaches
      • Areas for improvement
      • References
    • Good practices in EU Member States
    • Methods and tools in EU Member States
    • White Ribbon Campaign
      • About the White Ribbon Campaign
      • White Ribbon Ambassadors
    • Regulatory and legal framework
      • International regulations
      • EU regulations
      • Strategic framework on violence against women 2015-2018
      • Legal Definitions in the EU Member States
    • Literature and legislation
    • EIGE's publications on gender-based violence
    • Videos
  • Gender Equality Index
    • View countries
    • Compare countries
    • Thematic Focus
    • About Index
    • Publications
    • Forum 2022
    • Index Game
    • Videos
  • Gender Statistics Database
    • Browse Gender Statistics
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    • About
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    • Gender-sensitive Communication
      • Overview of the toolkit
      • First steps towards more inclusive language
        • Terms you need to know
        • Why should I ever mention gender?
        • Choosing whether to mention gender
        • Key principles for inclusive language use
      • Challenges
        • Stereotypes
          • Avoid gendered pronouns (he or she) when the person’s gender is unknown
          • Avoid irrelevant information about gender
          • Avoid gendered stereotypes as descriptive terms
          • Gendering in-animate objects
          • Using different adjectives for women and men
          • Avoid using stereotypical images
        • Invisibility and omission
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MSPY Database

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Good practice
Šalis: Croatia
Section:
Administrative Data on Violence Against Women
Temos:
Health, Violence
Period:
2011 - 2016
Publication date:
13 Spalis 2016
A centralised and joint database on violence against women (Croatia)

Gain insights into the issue of domestic violence: a centralised and joint database on violence against women (VAW)

There have been numerous policies, legislative and institutional changes concerning improvement of gender equality and combating violence against women in the last 15 years. Still, there exists a necessity for further improvement in combating various forms of violence and discrimination against women.

In Croatia all forms of violence against women are punishable, regardless of whether they are a component of intimate partner violence (IPV) or not, pursuant to the Law on Protection from Domestic Violence (misdemeanour) and the Criminal Code of the Republic of Croatia.

MSPY collects data on violence against women pursuant to the Law on Protection from Domestic Violence ([1]) (misdemeanour) and the Rulebook on the Content of Mandatory Records and Reports, Collection, Processing and Archiving Statistical Data is in the process of implementing the Law on the Protection from Domestic Violence ([2]).

In accordance with the mentioned Rulebook, relevant institutions keep records and submit conjoint semi-annual and annual reports to MSPY.

 

[1] Official Gazette 137/09, 14/10, 60/10.

[2] Official Gazette 105/11.

The legal framework

The Law on Protection from Domestic Violence (misdemeanour) was adopted in Croatia in 2003 ([3]) and later in 2009 ([3]) and includes:

  • physical violence
  • psychological violence, including stalking
  • sexual violence, including sexual harassment and economic violence.

In Croatia all listed forms of violence against women (VAW) are punishable, regardless of whether they are a component of intimate partner violence (IPV) or not, pursuant to the Law on Protection from Domestic Violence (misdemeanour) and the Criminal Code of the Republic of Croatia. For these incidents charges are filed by ex officio, at the request of the authorised prosecutor, or by the victim. As of January 2013 Criminal Code introduced a new felony – female genital mutilation (Article 116) as: “Provisions concerning the prevention and suppression of forms of female genital mutilation” ([4]).

Despite the fact that significant positive changes in gender equality (GE) have been made in Croatia in the last 15 years, these changes were primarily made in the field of adopting legislative changes and developing central key structures for gender equality. Key legal framework documents which highlight gender equality as a fundamental societal value are:

  • The Constitution of the Republic of Croatia ([5]) (Article 3, Articles 14 and 15).
  • Gender Equality Act ([6]).
  • Labour Act ([7]) (Article 5).
  • Anti-discrimination Act ([8]).

The policy approach

Central structures for gender equality are:

  • The Gender Equality Committee of the Croatian Parliament (2001),
  • the Ombudsperson for Gender Equality (2003
  • the Government Office for Gender Equality (2004)

There are also GE coordinators in state administrative bodies.

There exist more general policies for introducing gender equality, such as the National Policy for Gender Equality (2011 – 2015) as a fundamental strategic document aiming to eliminate discrimination of women and to establish gender equality. In order to ensure the implementation of the National Policy for Gender Equality 2011 – 2015, the action plan contains key activities and measures, including elimination of violence against women (VAW). This chapter includes goals and measures which include activities such as raising public awareness about the phenomena, improving the status and protection of women victims of all forms of violence and improving the system of keeping statistical data, intersectoral cooperation, the coordination of competent state bodies, institutions and civil society organisations.

An integral part of the strategic framework for the promotion of gender equality and combating VAW is other goals and measures incorporated into numerous national plans, programmes and strategies for improving gender equality: the National Strategy for Protection Against Domestic Violence 2011 – 2016; the National Programme for the Protection and Promotion of Human Rights 2013 – 2016; the National Plan for the Prevention of Trafficking in Human Beings 2012 – 2015, the Strategic Development of Official Statistics of the Republic of Croatia 2013 –2022, and the Programme of Statistical Activity of the Republic of Croatia 2013 – 2017. The strategic approach is also based on the international agreements, such as the UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and The Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating VAW and domestic violence.

In Croatia all forms of VAW are punishable, regardless of whether they are a component of intimate partner violence (IPV) or not, pursuant to the Law on Protection from Domestic Violence (misdemeanour) and the Criminal Code of the Republic of Croatia. For these incidents charges are filed ex officio, at the request of the authorised prosecutor, or by the victim. The first Act on Protection from Domestic Violence was adopted in 2003. Due to the aligning the Croatian legislation with EU legislation, a new Act on Protection from Domestic Violence was adopted in 2009 and includes:

  • physical violence
  • psychological violence, including stalking
  • sexual violence, including sexual harassment
  • economic violence.

It does not criminalise these types of violence and concentrates on legal protection and assistance to victims of crime (6 protective measures aimed at prevention of violence and protection of family members).

The National Strategy for Protection against Domestic Violence for the period from 2011 to 2016 prescribes the collection of relevant statistical data on domestic violence and improving the methodology of the system of collecting data on cases of violence. MSPY is in charge of this measure.

In Croatia, there is neither a single law nor a single set of rules adopted by a specific institution for the collection of official statistical data on VAW. For this reason, the main source for VAW are official police reports developed on a yearly basis that include data about different forms of VAW (both as a part of intimate partner violence and not).

Data collection process

The current administrative system in Croatia can be characterised as ‘centralised’, as all data are collected by relevant governmental bodies for all of Croatia. Even though Croatia has 21 counties, data are rarely collected and analysed on a regional level. Croatia still does not have a coherent and coordinated information system on VAW; each ministry and institution is collecting data from different sources. The data are mostly not compared nor do they complement each other, but are kept separate within the relevant ministry.

The Ministry of Social Policy and Youth (MSPY) is authorised to collect, process and store statistical data in the field of domestic violence from other relevant institutions, under the Law on Protection from Domestic Violence. All competent authorities covered by the Protocol of Conduct in Cases of Domestic Violence (police, judicial bodies, social welfare centres, health institutions, educational institutions) are required to keep records on cases of domestic violence and to submit data to the ministry in semi-annual and annual reports. National Strategy for Protection against Domestic Violence 2011 – 2016 prescribes the collection of relevant statistical data on domestic violence and improving the methodology of the system for collecting data in cases of violence. MSPY is in charge of this measure. The respective data are not publicly available.

To this end, the MSPY runs a database, based on the Law on Protection from Domestic Violence and the Rulebook on the Content of Mandatory Records and Reports, Collection, Processing and Archiving Statistical Data and is in the process of implementing the Law on the Protection from Domestic Violence. The main aim of this database is to gain insight into the issue of domestic violence, the basic indicators, trend changes, the ratio of the women as victims or perpetrator, etc.

Data collected by relevant institutions jointly comprise 65 categories of basic information (57 categories defined by the Rulebook and 8 additional categories from the information from the welfare system), which keep a record of:

  • the relationship between the victim and the perpetrator of the violent act
  • a record of sex and age of both the victim and perpetrator
  • measures undertaken
  • judicial rulings
  • information about recidivism in the case of the perpetrator.

The ministry in charge of domestic issues is authorised to collect, process and archive statistical data obtained in the implementation of the law.

Social welfare centres keep a record which contains data about:

  • the total number of reported cases of domestic violence
  • number of reports made to the police by the centre
  • number of registered cases of domestic violence (classified according to type, duration, category of the victims)
  • number of victims
  • number of perpetrators
  • number of actions taken
  • number of families where violence was reported
  • types of actions undertaken by the centre for the victim
  • number of special guardians appointed to the child in court proceeding linked to domestic violence
  • measures for legal and domestic protection applied
  • types of recommendations made to the court aimed at protecting the rights and interests of the child in cases of domestic violence
  • number of individuals placed in shelters (classified according to age and sex)
  • number of notices about initiated criminal proceedings linked to domestic violence.

Centres keep a more detailed record than the one stipulated by the law and the Rulebook, and collect additional data on:

  • total number of recorded acts of violence based on the moment the centre made contact with the victim
  • number of verbal settlements in cases of domestic violence
  • number of occurrences when material aid was provided to victims of domestic violence
  • number of notices about initiated court proceedings linked to domestic violence
  • number of reports on emergency placement in shelters
  • number of families with reported cases of domestic violence
  • economic background of the family
  • kinship relations between the abuser
  • the victim in reported cases of domestic violence.

In addition to this, records kept by health care institutions contain data on:

  • number of reports received by the Croatian Healthcare Institute from doctors of medicine in cases where victims suffered injuries at the hand of a family member
  • number of cases in which the victims of violence were referred to medical treatment
  • costs of the treatment for the victim of domestic violence
  • number of reported cases when the victim of domestic violence was referred to a psychiatric institution for treatment
  • number of cases in which the perpetrator of domestic violence was referred to a psychiatric institution for treatment.

Data are connected to those collected by police and misdemeanour courts.

The MSPY database

Pursuant to the Act on the Right to Access Information ([9]) MSPY is obliged to provide access to statistical data collected on the basis of the Rulebook to every physical or legal entity that files a request for information.

MSPY publishes only a portion of information linked to domestic violence, which is collected in social welfare centres, in its annual statistical report available on the web page of the Ministry.

This database provides important insights into:

  • the basic issues of domestic violence
  • the most common types of perpetrators and the victims
  • the most typical forms of violence committed against women in relationships
  • the most common profile victims of violence based on age
  • many other socio-demographic variables.

These indicators can make a significant contribution in the development of action plans for combating VAW and new national strategy against domestic violence.

A significant contribution made by this database lies in the fact that it is the first database of this kind in Croatia, in the sense that it does not only collect information about reported cases, like the one kept by the Ministry of Interior, but also includes data on measures undertaken, steps taken in the process of reporting and processing violence as well as information regarding the help provided to victims. Furthermore, the database connects data from all relevant institutions combating domestic violence, from the police and justice system to social welfare centres.

A main obstacle is related to the lack of published reports and/or publications, which would be easily accessible and that would have a stronger impact on the development and adoption of public policies in combating VAW.

[3] Official Gazette 116*/03, 137/09, 14/10, 60/10.

[4] Official Gazette 125/11, 144/12, 56/15, 61/15.

[5] Constitution of the Croatian Parliament (GO, 85/10)

[6] Gender Equality Act (OG 82/08)

[7] Labour Act (OG  149/09,  61/11, 82/12)

[8] Anti-discrimination Act (OG 85/08, 112/12)

[9] Official Gazette 25/13, 85/15

Contacts/Further Information

Sabina Morosini Turčinović, psychologist

Senior Expert Advisor

Department for Children and Family

Sector for Social Policies and Policies for Children, Youth and Family   

Ministry of Social Policy and Youth

Trg Nevenke Topalušić 1, 10 000 Zagreb

tel: +38515557331

e-mail: sabina.morosini-turcinovic@mspm.hr

More on good practices

Administrative data collection on violence against women: Good practices (publication)

EIGE's collection of good practices

EIGE's approach to good practices

Downloads

MSPY Database Croatia
EN (PDF, 1.36 MB)

Metadata

Tool:
Administrative dataset, Awareness-raising, Monitoring
  • Gain insights into the issue of domestic violence: a centralised and joint database on violence against women (VAW)
  • The legal framework
  • The policy approach
  • Data collection process
  • The MSPY database
  • Contacts/Further Information
  • More on good practices
  • Downloads

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