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            • 1. Creating accountability and strengthening commitment
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My personal story

PrintDownload as PDF
Narrative
Country: Poland
Sex:
Male
Primary Topic:
EDUCATION
Year:
1970, 1982

I: I wanted to ask you to tell me about such situations in your life, in which the fact that you are a man played a role.

R: Well, I think first such situations took place still in the secondary school, in technical college, where for… - I graduated from a technical construction college – where there were a few people of female sex, so to speak, who were by definition treated as persons who actually cannot get adjusted to this profession. And there is practically no chance that they could be competent workers of this sphere of activity. And here, I felt that all our teachers were somehow preparing us, men for the jobs typically in construction supervision, typically at the construction site, typically performing concrete tasks, whereas our women, our girls were being prepared for work in planning and design companies, as building projects estimators, as persons who will be dealing rather with preparatory works, accounting but not in direct supervision. In short, our teachers could not imagine a situation, when a woman wearing rubber boots would have to climb a bulldozer or take measurements with theodolite. This we could not imagine… This our teachers could not imagine… and actually neither could we. It was connected not only to the psychological construction but also physical one. Our girls were petite, delicate and absolutely nobody could see them… probably even they did not see themselves doing these jobs that by definition were supposed to be the content of our future profession. So here one could feel and it was such a first feeling in this secondary school of a clear difference, clear segregation between us, that is men who are going to work, build, create and women, who will be in design studios, accounting and will be dealing with construction in this soft meaning.

I: And how was it literally manifested? I don’t know, did girls experience some comments from teachers? Or was it just such an impression?

R: I mean, comments maybe too, however, it was not put so decidedly and sharply. But it manifested itself, for instance, in the fact that us, as boys, we had to - let’s say in the area of construction works - describe how to prepare a construction site, so this practical place of action, whereas girls were asked more about the way they would make an inventory at the construction site, what should be there, how it should be arranged. To translate it into a household situation, this man had to arrange the house or apartment, whereas a woman would furnish it. So it looked more or less like this. And there was also some correlation with the questions asked during oral exams. Of course, questions given at written exams were the same for men and women, however, these more direct questions that consisted in oral examining were very often softer, warmer, not so focused on the still rather brutal part of the work on construction sites, where still at that time everything had to be mainly done manually. There was not much mechanized equipment. So, probably it was demonstrated mainly in such areas.

I: So can it be said that, let’s say, in secondary school, due to the fact that you are a man you felt in some way privileged or on the contrary, discriminated in such… in such school context?

R: Yes, in the school context, as well as later on… I am an engineer by profession, so these correlations afterwards already as a technician or engineer… these correlations were totally different. A male engineer was more looked for, more gladly employed, better remunerated. He had a completely different position. It was very difficult for a woman to reach such position and she had to demonstrate much more skills and…, which by the way, she even did not often have opportunity to show since the possibilities of verification of knowledge and skills were also very small. So here, I felt this privilege and maybe especially in these technical professions of mine.
(...)

R: When it comes to women being privileged at my work or in my life, it often results, as I already said earlier, from their physical construction. It is also often tiring that a woman cannot, so to say, in the jobs I do, move a roll of nonwoven fabric or a roll of something, some foil or a package that weighs some 25-30 kg. For this purpose, you need to take a man, who at this moment is doing something else. Of course, they feel disadvantaged since they interrupt their work, which they need to do and are paid for some unit. So with respect to this, there are some conflicts since often there is no possibility to compensate to these men the fact that they need to put it on, they need to cut it, they need to do this harder part of this physical work. And there is no way to do it since both women and men do physical jobs, and there is no possibility to compensate this in such a way that a woman would come and have to do something for the man since everywhere here this strength is required. Not many things can be fixed with smartness… or it cannot even be mechanized. It must simply be done.

Polish

I: Chciałam Pana poprosić o to, żeby opowiedział Pan mi o jakiś takich sytuacjach w Pana życiu, kiedy rolę odegrało to, że jest Pan mężczyzną.

R: To chyba pierwsze takie sytuacje, to były jeszcze w szkole średniej, w technikum, gdzie na... - kończyłem technikum budowlane - gdzie było kilka osób płci żeńskiej, że tak powiem, które były z założenia traktowane jako osoby, które do tego zawodu przystosować się właściwie nie mogą. I właściwie nie ma szans, żeby one były pełnowartościowymi pracownikami tej właśnie sfery działalności. I tu czułem, że wszyscy nasi nauczyciele przygotowywali niejako nas, mężczyzn do prac typowo w nadzorze budowlanym, typowo na budowie, typowo przy wykonywaniu konkretnych zadań, natomiast nasze kobiety, nasze dziewczyny były przygotowywane do pracy w biurach projektowych, do pracy jako kosztorysantki, jako osoby, które bardziej będą się zajmowały pracami przygotowawczymi, rozliczeniowymi, ale nie w bezpośrednim nadzorze. Krótko mówiąc nie wyobrażali sobie nasi nauczyciele sytuacji, w której kobieta w tych gumofilcach będzie chodziła po tej budowie, będzie chodziła w kasku, będzie musiała wejść na dźwig, na spychacz, czy będzie musiała teodolitem robić pomiary. Tego sobie nie wyobrażaliśmy... Nie wyobrażali nauczyciele... i właściwie rzecz ujmując my też sobie tego nie bardzo wyobrażaliśmy. Miało to związek nie tylko z konstrukcją psychiczną, ale również z konstrukcją fizyczną. Nasze dziewczyny były drobne, delikatne i zupełnie nikt ich nie widział... one chyba same siebie również nie widziały przy wykonywaniu tych prac, które z założenia miały być treścią naszego przyszłego zawodu. Tak że tu czuło się i to było takie pierwsze uczucie w tej szkole ponadpodstawowej, gdzie czuło się wyraźną różnicę i wyraźną taką segregację na my - czyli mężczyźni, którzy będą pracowali, budowali, tworzyli i kobiety, które będą w biurze projektowym, rozliczały i będą w tym miękkim znaczeniu będą zajmowały się budownictwem.

I: A czym się to objawiało tak dosłownie? Nie wiem, dziewczyny się spotykały z jakimiś komentarzami ze strony nauczycieli? Czy to było tylko takie, takie odczucie?

R: To znaczy komentarze może również, chociaż nie było to tak zdecydowanie i ostro stawiane. Ale objawiało to się chociażby w tym, że jeżeli my, jako chłopcy musieliśmy, powiedzmy z zakresu robót budowlanych, musieliśmy określać jak się przygotuje plac budowy, czyli ten praktyczny teren działania, to dziewczyny były bardziej pytane o to, w jaki sposób by na przykład zrobiły zestawienie inwentarza na budowie, co musi być, jak musi być rozmieszczony. Czyli niejako jakbyśmy to przełożyli na taką domową sytuację, czyli ten mężczyzna musiał ten dom czy mieszkanie załatwić, natomiast kobieta go meblowała. Tak mniej więcej to wyglądało. I miało to też przełożenie na pytania zadawane przy odpowiedzi ustnej. No pytania oczywiście, które były na sprawdzianach, były takie same dla mężczyzn i dla kobiet, natomiast pytania takie bezpośrednie, które polegały na odpytywaniu ustnym bardzo często właśnie były takie bardziej miękkie, takie cieplejsze, takie nie wyostrzone na tą, jakby nie było, brutalną dość część pracy na budowie, gdzie to wszystko jeszcze w tamtych czasach w większości było, musiały być robione ręcznie. Mało było takiego mocno zmechanizowanego sprzętu. Tak że chyba to było widać przede wszystkim w takich dziedzinach.

I: A czy można powiedzieć w takim razie, że no właśnie powiedzmy w szkole średniej czuł się Pan przez to, że Pan jest mężczyzną w jakiś sposób uprzywilejowany czy odwrotnie, dyskryminowany w takim kontekście... w tym kontekście szkolnym?

R: W kontekście szkolnym tak samo zresztą jak później... Z zawodu jestem inżynierem, czyli te przełożenia później jako już czy technik czy inżynier były te przełożenia zupełnie inne. Inżynier mężczyzna był bardziej poszukiwany, był chętniej przyjmowany, był lepiej wynagradzany. Zajmował pozycję zupełnie inną. Kobiecie było bardzo ciężko do tej pozycji dojść i musiała wykazać się niebywale większym nakładem umiejętności i..., które nawiasem mówiąc nawet często nie miała gdzie pokazać, bo możliwości weryfikacji wiedzy i umiejętności były też niewielkie. Tak że tu czułem to uprzywilejowanie, właśnie może szczególnie w tych moich zawodach technicznych. Tych, tak. Z drugiej strony czułem szczególnie prowadząc firmę, gdzie kobieta... Pracuje u mnie Pani, która jest niewyobrażalnie poukładana, która ma wszystkie właściwie cechy wspaniałej dobrej gospodyni, która w każdej chwili wie, gdzie co jest, która prowadzi ewidencje, te które musi prowadzić w sposób tak jasny, tak wzorowy, że dla mnie jest to kwintesencja kobiecości. Ułożenie, porządek, taka jasność i klarowność nawet w postawieniu segregatora, we wszystkim. Wszystko ma swój sens. Tak jak mężczyźni pracujący, zatrudnieni u mnie to są ludzie, którzy wykonują te prace w taki sposób, szarpany, urywany, taki bardziej siłowy, bym powiedział. Są przeciwieństwem kobiet, które robią to, bez czego nie można żyć, a co jest właśnie takie przypisane tej właśnie... tej żeńskiej części ludzi. I dlatego myślę, że w każdej dziedzinie pracy należy bezwzględnie zatrudniać tak kobiety, jak i mężczyzn. Oni się dobrze ułożeni, dobrze kierowani uzupełniają w sposób wspaniały, że można stworzyć taki zespół, który czuje, że bez siebie nawzajem nie może istnieć. Nie tak, że ci są niepotrzebni, bo są biurowi, a ci są niepotrzebni, bo oni tylko tam coś robią co można by było... czy bez czego można by było się obejść. To są rzeczy, które się uzupełniają i chyba tak powinno być.
[…]

R: 00:20:00-4 No jeżeli chodzi o uprzywilejowanie kobiet jeszcze w mojej pracy czy w moim życiu, często wynika to, tak jak już wcześniej mówiłem, z konstrukcji fizycznej. Że jest to też często męczące, że kobieta nie może, powiedzmy, tak jak w tym, co ja robię, przenieść wałka włókniny czy wałka tam jakiegoś, jakiejś folii czy opakowania, które waży tam 25 czy 30 kg. Trzeba do tego oderwać mężczyznę, który w tym czasie robi coś innego. Oni oczywiście czują się pokrzywdzeni, bo oni przerywają pracę, gdzie oni muszą to wykonać i mają za jakąś jednostkę płacone. Są na tym styku jakieś tam konflikty, bo często nie ma możliwości, żeby zrównoważyć tym mężczyznom to, że oni muszą właśnie to założyć, muszą to uciąć, czyli muszą wykonać tą cięższą część tej fizycznej pracy. A nie ma jak, bo jedni drudzy wykonują fizyczną pracę, nie ma jak zrekompensować tego w taki sposób, że ta kobieta przyjdzie i musi im coś zrobić, bo tu wszędzie jest wymagana właśnie ta siła. Tu nie można wielu rzeczy sprytem załatwić tylko... czy nie można tego nawet zmechanizować. Musi być to po prostu wykonane.

Metadata

Other Topic categories:
IDENTITY
PROFESSIONAL CAREER
SOCIETAL CONTEXT
Key actors: 
myself, father, employer, boss, teacher, educator
Tags:
different treatment, prejudice, school, health, physical strength, femininity, competences, occupation/job, promotion/selection, discrimination
Male, 56 Poland

Gender did matter

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